Table 1.
Socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of the gainfully employed persons in Austria in total and in different occupational groups (all values in %).
| Characteristics | Total Sample | Managers | Academic Laborer | Skilled Laborer | Office Worker | Service Workers | Agriculture and Forestry Workers | Blue-Collar Workers | Engine Workers | Unskilled Laborer | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age 15–29 y | 20.4 | 5.7 | 15.2 | 21.9 | 25.4 | 25.1 | 10.8 | 30.6 | 12.7 | 11.2 | <0.001 |
| Age 30–49 y | 52.6 | 54.2 | 56.2 | 52.4 | 52.4 | 49.6 | 50.6 | 48.7 | 59.3 | 52.8 | |
| Age 50+ y | 27.0 | 40.0 | 28.6 | 25.7 | 22.0 | 25.3 | 38.6 | 20.7 | 28.0 | 36.0 | |
| Female sex | 44.9 | 22.7 | 46.9 | 43.0 | 71.0 | 68.3 | 39.8 | 9.6 | 11.8 | 62.6 | <0.001 |
| In relationship | 72.4 | 81.5 | 74.8 | 72.6 | 69.6 | 65.4 | 82.2 | 71.2 | 74.4 | 78.2 | <0.001 |
| Primary education | 11.9 | 4.6 | 1.5 | 5.4 | 11.7 | 19.4 | 15.6 | 12.3 | 18.1 | 44.5 | <0.001 |
| Secondary education | 53.5 | 38.7 | 14.3 | 54.9 | 54.1 | 67.5 | 75.5 | 79.7 | 73.0 | 48.4 | |
| Tertiary education | 34.6 | 56.8 | 84.2 | 39.8 | 34.2 | 13.1 | 8.9 | 7.9 | 8.8 | 7.1 | |
| Born in Austria | 82.6 | 86.0 | 82.3 | 86.0 | 87.0 | 77.9 | 98.5 | 81.4 | 78.2 | 69.9 | <0.001 |
| Born in EU | 10.7 | 9.8 | 13.9 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 13.5 | 1.1 | 8.5 | 9.1 | 13.9 | |
| Born outside EU | 6.7 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 8.6 | 0.4 | 10.1 | 12.7 | 16.2 | |
| Any chronic disease | 28.0 | 27.0 | 27.2 | 26.8 | 30.7 | 29.8 | 29.4 | 26.4 | 27.2 | 28.7 | 0.330 |
| Bronchial asthma | 3.3 | 3.7 | 3.0 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 0.547 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 2.2 | 3.0 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.7 | 1.9 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 0.107 |
| Heart attack or chronic condition after heart attack | 0.3 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.015 |
| Coronary heart diseases or angina pectoris | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.497 |
| Hypertension | 11.9 | 14.4 | 10.2 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 13.1 | 14.1 | 12.0 | 14.7 | 12.1 | 0.033 |
| Stroke or chronic condition after stroke | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.2 | 1.2 | 0.012 |
| Osteoarthritis | 5.2 | 5.5 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 4.7 | 6.3 | 10.0 | <0.001 |
| Chronic low back pain | 19.2 | 15.1 | 14.6 | 17.1 | 16.6 | 21.4 | 27.5 | 21.0 | 25.9 | 28.7 | <0.001 |
| Chronic neck pain | 15.9 | 14.2 | 14.6 | 16.3 | 17.0 | 18.1 | 19.3 | 12.1 | 13.6 | 20.4 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.9 | 1.1 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 0.729 |
| Allergy (coryza, food, dermatitis) | 25.6 | 24.3 | 29.1 | 28.0 | 28.2 | 26.6 | 18.6 | 20.4 | 18.1 | 22.9 | <0.001 |
| Hepatic cirrhosis | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.051 |
| Urinary incontinence | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Kidney disease or renal insufficiency | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.6 | 0.469 |
| Depression | 4.2 | 3.0 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 6.3 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 3.4 | 7.9 | <0.001 |
| Chronic headache | 6.0 | 2.7 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 7.1 | 9.0 | 4.1 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 8.7 | <0.001 |
| Gastric or duodenal ulcers | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 2.3 | 3.1 | 0.014 |