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. 2021 Feb 22;10(2):476. doi: 10.3390/foods10020476

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Biplot derived from the redundancy analysis showing the relationship between variety, production system, agronomic, and orchard site and soil explanatory variables/drivers and grape yield and quality parameters. Eigenvalues were 32.5% and 8.6% for Axis 1 and 2, respectively. Fixed explanatory variables (◆) were (a) variety: Vil, Villana (F = 17.1, P = 0.002); Vid, Vidiano (F = 5.7, P = 0.018); Kot, Kotsifali (F = 5.7; P = 0.018), (b) irrigation: +Ir, with drip irrigation (F = 1.3, P = 0.27); −Ir, without drip irrigation (F = 1.3, P = 0.27), (c) orchard orientation, facing: W, west (F = 0.9, P = 0.36); S, south (F = 0.6, P = 0.44); SE, southeast (F = 0.6, P = 0.44), (d) production system (organic (O), F = 0.6, P = 0.44; conventional (C) F = 0.6; P = 0.44), and (e) soil texture: cl, clay loam (F = 0.4, P = 0.59); sl, sandy loam (F = 0.4, P = 0.59). * From mineral and/or organic fertilizer.