Table 1.

Signs and symptoms of IJVthr.

Symptoms	Articles
Pain	Gbaguidi [2]; Leci-Tahiri [3]; Carrington [11]; Wada [12]; Al-Zoubi [13]; Gunasekaran [14]; Hahn [15]; Shakeel [28]; Graham [16]
Asymptomatic	Al-Zoubi [13]; Çakir [36]
Difficulty in swallowing, Odinophagia, Disphagia	Carrington [11]; Shakeel [28]
Headache	Duke [17]; Wada [12]; Shakeel [28]; Graham [16]; Thapa [18]; Li C [19]; Ilgen [20]; Hacifazlioglu [21]; Masood [22]
Numbness/somnolence, alteration of consciousness	Duke [17]
Eye discomfort, conjunctival injection	Graham [16]
Blurred vision, decrease visual acuity	Duke [17]; Wada [12]
Dizziness, Nausea	Thapa [18]
Paraesthesia	Wada [12]
Signs
Neck swelling and erythema	Gbaguidi [2]; Leci-Tahiri [3]; Uzun [5]; Bandara [6]; Das [23]; Zhang W [24]; Carrington [11]; Toratani [25]; Wada [12]; Al-Zoubi [13]; Hahn [15]; Shakeel [28]; Bilici [26]; Gianesini [27]; Gunasekaran [14]; Duke [17]
Palpable cord beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle	Gbaguidi [2]; Leci-Tahiri [3]; Bandara [6]; Shakeel [28]
Superficial varicose collateral veins	Gbaguidi [2]; Mirijello [30]
Indurated vein	Gbaguidi [2]
Fever	Leci-Tahiri [3]; Shakeel [28]; Thapa [18]; Gunasekaran [14]
Oedematous swelling of the face/scalp	Duke [17]; Hyder [29]; Bilici [26]; Thapa [18]; Mirijello [30]
Brachial plexopathy	Glemarec [37]
Horner Syndrome	Glemarec [37]
Papilledema	Duke [17]; Wada [12]; Gunasekaran [14]; Masood [22]
Retinal haemorrhage	Duke [17]
Intracranial hypertension	Duke [17]; Wada [12]; Shakeel [28]; Li C [19]; Masood [22]
VI nerve palsy	Duke [17]
Seizures	Wada [12]
Agraphia	Wada [12]
Progressive Dyspnoea	Bilici [26]
Laboratory parameters
Leucocytosis	Leci-Tahiri [3];Uzun [5]; Toratani [25]; Shakeel [28]; Bilici [26]; Gunasekaran [14]
D-Dimer raising	Toratani [25]; Shakeel [28]; Li C [32]