Table 3.
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome among female Saudi Adolescents aged 12–19 years by demographic and dietary habits.
| Variables | No. of Samples | Number of Adolescents with Metabolic Syndrome n (%) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 172 | 12 (7.0%) | |
| Age (years) 12–15 | 88 (51.16%)) | 6 (6.89%) | 0.933 |
| 16–19 | 84 (48.84%) | 6 (7.14%) | |
| BMI underweight (<5th Percentile) | 3 (1.74%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.000 |
| Normal (5th to <85th percentile) | 125 (72.68%) | 4 (3.20%) * | |
| Overweight (85th to <95th percentile) | 24 (13.95%) | 2 (8.33%) | |
| Obese (≥95th percentile) | 20 (11.63%) | 6 (30.0%) * | |
| Parental history of diabetes mellitus | |||
| Yes | 40 (23.26%) | 5 (12.5%) | 0.118 |
| No | 132 (76.74%) | 7 (5.30%) | |
| Parental history of hypertension | |||
| Yes | 50 (29.07%) | 5 (10%) | 0.319 |
| No | 122 (70.93%) | 7 (5.74%) | |
| Parental history of high cholesterol level | |||
| Yes | 34 (19.77%) | 4 (11.76%) | 0.221 |
| No | 138 (80.23%) | 8 (5.80%) | |
| Parental obesity | |||
| Yes | 26 | 2 (7.69%) | 0.876 |
| No | 146 | 10 (6.85%) | |
| Fast food consumption (daily) | |||
| No | 16 | 1 (6.25%) | 0.609 |
| Sometimes | 115 | 10 (8.70%) | |
| Always | 40 | 1 (2.5%) | |
| Weekly exercise | |||
| Yes | 71 | 4 (5.63%) | 0.562 |
| No | 101 | 8 (7.92%) |
* Post hoc test for differences in proportions between BMI groups were significant. The p-values of the post hoc comparisons for BMI were Bonferroni-adjusted. BMI body mass index.