AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALS	amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
BDNF	brain-derived neurotrophic factor
CNS	central nervous system
DA	dopamine
ESCs	embryonic stem cells
FTD	frontotemporal dementia
GDNF	glial-cell-line-derived neurotrophic factor
HD	Huntington’s disease
IPSCs	induced pluripotent stem cells
MSCs	mesenchymal stem cells
NFTs	neurofibrillary tangles
NGF	nerve growth factor
NPCs	neural progenitor cells
NSCs	neural stem cells
PD	Parkinson’s disease
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SGZ	subgranular zone
SVZ	subventricular zone