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. 2021 Feb 22;18(4):2115. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18042115

Table 1.

Health-Related Quality of Life by Participants’ Characteristics.

Total Health-Related Quality of Life
Physical (PCS) Mental (MCS)
N or M % or SD M SD t/F or r (Scheffe) p-Value M SD t/F or r (Scheffe) p-Value
Total 736 100 52.38 7.65 38.33 12.64
Age group
19–29(a) 559 76.0 52.59 7.81 37.44 12.56 7.877 <0.0001
30-39(b) 146 19.8 51.59 6.94 0.998 0.369 40.28 12.96 (a < c)
40-51(c) 31 4.2 52.27 7.91 45.22 9.09
Median (Q1–Q3) 25 (21–29)
City
Capital city 344 46.7 52.29 7.36 −0.275 0.783 38.55 12.39 0.445 0.656
Other 392 53.3 52.45 7.90 38.14 12.86
Education
High school or under 70 9.5 50.30 7.41 2.396 0.017 35.71 13.80 1.684 0.096
Above college 666 90.5 52.59 7.64 38.61 12.49
Annual family income
<USD 50,000 525 71.3 52.04 7.66 −1.858 0.064 37.66 12.93 −2.372 0.018
≥USD 50,000 211 28.7 53.20 7.57 40.00 11.74
Employment
Student(a) 349 47.4 53.14 7.81 4.413 36.93 12.81 14.268 <0.0001
Employed(b) 325 44.2 51.44 7.20 (b < a) 0.012 40.83 11.52 (a,c < b)
Unemployed(c) 62 8.4 53.01 8.54 33.14 14.51
Sexual Identity
Lesbian 374 50.8 52.99 7.68 2.233 0.026 39.90 12.52 3.436 0.001
Bisexual 362 49.2 51.74 7.57 36.72 12.56
Smoking
Yes 173 23.51 51.28 7.79 2.161 0.031 37.54 12.81 0.947 0.344
No 563 76.49 52.71 7.58 38.58 12.58
High -risk drinking
Yes 85 11.54 51.452 8.0581 1.185 0.236 39.281 13.9093 −0.736 0.462
No 651 88.46 52.496 7.5897 38.208 12.4657
Physical Activity
High (a) 249 33.83 53.17 7.06 8.552 39.34 12.22
Moderate (b) 305 41.44 52.92 7.60 (c < a,b) <0.0001 38.36 12.32 1.953 0.143
Low (c) 182 24.73 50.37 8.17 36.91 13.60
Minority Stress 2.14 0.48 −0.151 <0.0001 −0.238 <0.0001
Perceived Social Support 4.89 1.11 0.124 0.001 0.428 <0.0001

PCS: Physical Component Summary, MCS: Mental Component Summary; N: Number; M: Mean; SD: Standard Deviation.