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. 2021 Feb 22;13(2):700. doi: 10.3390/nu13020700

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Time-dependent variation in hazard ratio estimates of dementia for participants with high versus low Mediterranean Diet scores (rMED) throughout 25 years of follow-up in the EPIC-Spain Dementia Cohort study (N = 16,160). Hazard ratio estimates of dementia varied depending on follow-up time and cumulative number of cases. Time-varying hazard ratios were calculated using flexible parametric Royston-Parmar survival models, with time on study as the time scale. Models were adjusted by center, sex, education, energy intake, smoking, BMI category, elevated waist circumference, household and recreational physical activities, hypertension (self-reported), hyperlipidemia (self-reported), coffee and tea consumption (combined), and intake (in g/day per 2000 kcal) of potatoes, eggs, and cakes and biscuits.