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. 2021 Feb 21;10(2):460. doi: 10.3390/cells10020460

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© 2021 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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The reactions catalyzed by SIRTs. (A) The general deacetylase reaction catalyzed by SIRT1,2,3,5,6,7. The natural substrates are NAD⁺, water and a protein containing acetylated lysine residue. The reaction products include nicotinamide (NAM), the deacetylated protein and the 2’-O-acetyl-ADPR (OAADPR) molecule. (B) Alternative acyl groups that can be deacylated by SIRT3,5,7. (C) The ADP-rebosyltransferase activity catalyzed by SIRT4 and SIRT6. (D) NAM can be used as precursor for the biosynthesis of NAD⁺ by the enzymes nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) and nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT).