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Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of antigen-based rapid tests assuming a pre-test probability of 1%, a sensitivity ranging 70% to 85% and a specificity ranging from 95% to 99%. Panels A and B illustrate the predictive values when a single rapid test is performed; panels C and D illustrate the predictive values when positives undergo confirmatory molecular testing. Sensitivity and specificity of molecular assays are assumed to be 99%.
