Table 1.
Laboratory and microbiological parameters in severely ill (S), asymptomatic or mild symptomatic (A) COVID-19 patients and healthy Subjects (H).
| All Parameters Mean ± std.dev |
Group |
p value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| S (n = 20) | A (n = 20) | H (n = 20) | ||
| Age (Years)∗∗∗ | 57.94 ± 19.33 | 36.00 ± 10.77 | 36.30 ± 11.43 | <0.0011 |
| Gender∗∗∗ | <0.0012 | |||
| Male | 9 (45.0%) | 20 (100.0%) | 20 (100.0%) | |
| Female | 11 (55.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| Socio-Economic Status∗∗∗ | <0.0012 | |||
| Good | 3 (15.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | |
| Medium | 15 (75.0%) | 12 (60.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | |
| Poor | 2 (10.0%) | 7 (35.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| D-Dimer (ng/ml)∗∗∗ | 2527.20 ± 1731.80 | 3681.00 ± 1869.56 | 319.30 ± 258.82 | <0.0011 |
| S. Ferritin∗∗∗ | 405.82 ± 323.64 | 322.04 ± 280.15 | 82.91 ± 57.43 | <0.0011 |
| TAG∗∗∗ | 209.40 ± 85.65 | 127.05 ± 77.56 | 247.25 ± 114.33 | <0.0011 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL)∗∗∗ | 11.18 ± 2.16 | 13.18 ± 1.87 | 14.49 ± 1.27 | <0.0013 |
| Haematocrit (%)∗∗∗ | 34.59 ± 6.35 | 38.87 ± 5.25 | 39.88 ± 9.27 | 0.0011 |
| TLC (/cu.mm)∗∗∗ | 14572.00 ± 7324.18 | 7565.50 ± 3095.59 | 7170.50 ± 1240.85 | <0.0013 |
| ANC (/cu.mm)∗∗∗ | 12385.25 ± 6752.10 | 5541.00 ± 3015.81 | 4500.55 ± 890.76 | <0.0011 |
| Lymphocytes (/cu.mm)∗∗∗ | 1927.50 ± 1520.88 | 1913.50 ± 648.27 | 2566.65 ± 572.46 | 0.0011 |
| Monocytes (/cu.mm)∗∗∗ | 259.25 ± 221.64 | 111.00 ± 103.32 | 103.30 ± 58.86 | 0.0151 |
| Platelet Count (Lac/cu.mm) | 2.14 ± 1.75 | 1.87 ± 0.74 | 1.76 ± 0.69 | 0.9541 |
| Quantiferon TB Gold∗∗∗ | 0.27 ± 0.86 | 1.80 ± 3.01 | 4.32 ± 5.65 | 0.0011 |
| Quantiferon TB Gold +ve (>0.35 iu/ml) (Positive)∗∗∗ | 3 (15.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | 0.0324 |
| Mitogen∗∗∗ | 1.33 ± 2.77 | 8.84 ± 5.69 | 14.29 ± 3.51 | <0.0011 |
| TO Antigen | 0.7492 | |||
| <50 | 16 (80.0%) | 18 (90.0%) | 16 (80.0%) | |
| 50–100 | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | 4 (20.0%) | |
| TH Antigen∗∗∗ | 0.0202 | |||
| <50 | 14 (70.0%) | 10 (50.0%) | 17 (85.0%) | |
| 50–100 | 2 (10.0%) | 9 (45.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | |
| >100 | 4 (20.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| AH Antigen | 0.3102 | |||
| <50 | 17 (85.0%) | 19 (100.0%) | 19 (95.0%) | |
| 50–100 | 3 (15.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | |
| Influenza Vaccine (Present) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0004 |
| BCG Scar (Present) | 16 (80.0%) | 16 (80.0%) | 16 (80.0%) | 1.0002 |
| Diabetes (Present) | 3 (15.0%) | 3 (15.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.2282 |
| ACE Inhibitor Use (Present) | 4 (20.0%) | 2 (10.0%) | 1 (5.0%) | 0.4782 |
| Steroid, HCQS, Convalescent plasma Use, (Present) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1.0004 |
| Religious Practices (Present) | 19 (95.0%) | 18 (90.0%) | 19 (95.0%) | 1.0002 |
| Outcome | 1.0004 | |||
| Survived | 6 (30.0%) | 0 (NaN%) | 0 (NaN%) | |
| Died | 14 (70.0%) | 0 (NaN%) | 0 (NaN%) | |
∗∗∗Significant at p < 0.05, 1: Kruskal Wallis Test, 2: Fisher's Exact Test, 3: One-Way ANOVA, 4: Chi-Squared Test.