Raman image‐guided resection and adjuvant photothermal therapy (aPTT) of the subcutaneous SKOV3 ovarian tumors. A,B) Raman image‐guided surgery and with the adding of adjuvant photothermal treatment. (785 nm, 150 mW, 5× objective, 0.2 s integration time, and 3–10 min in total). C) Bioluminescent images of the representative mice from 5 different treatment groups. D) Variation of the tumor BLI signals after different treatments. E) Relative tumor signals measured in different groups after 30 days. F) The rate of tumor recurrences in different treatment groups. G) Kaplan–Meier plot showing the rate of mice survival in different groups. In vivo bioluminescence images were used to track tumor signals in different groups of mice. Data are presented as the mean ± SD, p values were calculated by Student's t‐test, (n = 5, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, relative to the control mice).