Table 1.
Summary of geographical locations and times of identification of known DCoVs.
| DCoV species | Year of detection/characterization | Host species | Location | Evidence of disease | References* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Green-cheeked Amazon parrot** CoV | 1999/2006 | Avian—green-cheeked Amazon parrot | Unknown, possibly England | Yes, similar to psittacine proventricular dilatation disease | (11) |
| Asian leopard cat DCoV Chinese ferret-badger DCoV |
2005/2007 | Mammalian—Asian leopard cat, Chinese ferret-badger | China | No | (12) |
| Bulbul CoV HKU11 Thrush CoV HKU12 Munia CoV HKU13 |
2006–2007/2009 | Avian—bulbul, thrush, munia | Hong Kong | No | (8) |
| Aquatic bird (Ciconiiformes, Pelecaniformes, and Anseriformes) DCoVs | 2009–2010/2011 | Avian—gray herons, pond herons, great cormorants, black-faced spoonbills, and several duck species and other waterfowl/wading/shorebird species | Hong Kong | No | (13) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2007–2011/2012 | Mammalian—pig Avian—white-eye, sparrow, magpie robin, night heron, wigeon, common moorhen |
China, Hong Kong | No | (9) |
| White-eye CoV HKU16 Sparrow CoV HKU17 Magpie robin CoV HKU18 Night heron CoV HKU19 Wigeon CoV HKU20 Common moorhen CoV HKU21 |
|||||
| Quail CoV HKU30 | 2013/2016 | Avian—quail | Brazil | No | (14) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2014/2014 | Mammalian—pig | USA | Yes, diarrhea | (15, 16) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2014/2014 | Mammalian—pig | Canada | Unknown | (16) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2013–2015/2016 | Mammalian—pig | South Korea | Yes, sporadic diarrhea | (17) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2015/2015 | Mammalian—pig | China | Yes, sporadic diarrhea | (18) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2015/2016 | Mammalian—pig | Thailand | Yes, diarrhea | (19) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2015/2018 | Mammalian—pig | Vietnam | Yes, sporadic diarrhea | (20) |
| Quail CoV HKU30 | 2015/2019 | Avian—quail | Poland | Yes, acute enteritis | (21) |
| Falcon CoV HKU27 Houbara bustard CoV HKU28 Pigeon CoV HKU29 Quail CoV HKU30 |
2013–2016/2018 | Avian—falcon, houbara bustard, pigeon, quail | UAE | No | (10) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2016/2016 | Mammalian—pig | Lao PDR | Yes, diarrhea | (22) |
| Australian duck and heron DCoVs | 2016/2018 | Avian—Australian duck and heron | Australia | No | (23) |
| Porcine CoV HKU15 | 2015–2017/2019 | Mammalian—pig | Mexico | Yes, sporadic diarrhea | (24) |
| Sparrow CoV HKU17 | 2017/2018 | Avian—sparrow | USA | No | (25) |
| “Novel” avian DCoVs | 2009–2017/2020 | Avian—a broad range of bird species including a broad range of host species, such as gulls, shorebirds, penguins, passerines, and even bustards | Poland | No | (26) |
| Blue-winged teal, mallard, snow goose, northern shoveler (HKU20-like), and red-tailed hawk DCoVs | 2015–2018/2019 | Avian—blue-winged teal, mallard, snow goose, northern shoveler, red-tailed hawk | USA | No | (27) |
*
If multiple references are available, only the earliest are cited.
**
Avian DCoVs are shown in red, and mammalian DCoVs are shown in blue.