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. 2021 Feb 12;11:620374. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.620374

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Copyright © 2021 Stevens, Ingels, Van Lint, Vandekerckhove and Vermaelen

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Generic recipe of classical monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DCs). Monocytes are obtained from the patient’s peripheral blood and cultured with IL-4 and GM-CSF to generate immature DCs. These cells are subsequently exposed to activating factors for maturation and loaded with tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). The antigen-loaded DCs are then cryopreserved and injected back into the patient. Different sources of TAAs can be used and include cancer cell line lysate, whole tumor lysate, tumor-derived peptides, (synthetic) protein antigen(s), mRNA(s) encoding selected tumor antigen(s), autologous whole-tumor-derived mRNA, or antigens packaged within viral vectors.