Table 2.
Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2–infected Patients by Race/Ethnicity
| Hispanic, No. (%) | Black, No. (%) | Asian, No. (%) | NH/PI, No. (%) | AI/AN, No. (%) | White, No. (%) | Other, No. (%) | Unknown, No. (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | ||||||||
| Total no. of patients | 16 836 | 2066 | 2456 | 468 | 434 | 24 468 | 2353 | 5564 |
| Hospitalized | 2898 (17.2) | 368 (17.8) | 533 (21.7) | 98 (20.9) | 77 (17.7) | 3751 (15.3) | 485 (20.6) | 326 (5.9) |
| Age, y | 44.7 ± 17.3 | 46.4 ± 18.5 | 51.7 ± 19.4 | 45.6 ± 16.5 | 44.8 ± 17.9 | 51.1 ± 20.3 | 49.7 ± 19.1 | 41.8 ± 17.4 |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Female | 9064 (53.8) | 1080 (52.3) | 1347 (54.8) | 262 (56.0) | 252 (58.1) | 12 842 (52.5) | 1181 (50.2) | 2737 (49.2) |
| Male | 7772 (46.2) | 986 (47.7) | 1109 (45.2) | 206 (44.0) | 182 (41.9) | 11 626 (47.5) | 1172 (49.8) | 2827 (50.8) |
| Insurance | ||||||||
| Commercial | 5878/16 192 (36.3) | 688/2015 (34.1) | 1226/2401 (51.1) | 195/457 (42.7) | 113/424 (26.7) | 11 513/24 077 (47.8) | 904/2271 (39.8) | 3100/4927 (62.9) |
| Medicaid | 8751/16 192 (54.0%) | 1119/2015 (55.5%) | 861/2401 (35.9%) | 204/457 (44.6%) | 260/424 (61.3%) | 7464/24 077 (31.0%) | 1108/2271 (48.8%) | 1170/4927 (23.7%) |
| Medicare | 863/16 192 (5.3) | 168/2015 (8.3) | 290/2401 (12.1) | 41/457 (9.0) | 51/424 (12.0) | 4964/24 077 (20.6) | 214/2271 (9.4) | 398/4927 (8.1) |
| Uninsured/self-pay | 693/16 192 (4.3) | 40/2015 (2.0) | 23/2401 (1.0) | 17/457 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 135/24 077 (0.6) | 44/2271 (1.9) | 259/4927 (5.3) |
| Other insurance | 7/16 192 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1/2401 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1/24 077 (0.0) | 1/2271 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Neighborhood-level | ||||||||
| Median income | 63 454 ± 17 110 | 65 525 ± 19 805 | 74 491 ± 23 569 | 65 528 ± 20 276 | 68 286 ± 18 073 | 70 511 ± 22 886 | 71 427 ± 23 518 | 72 630 ± 23 845 |
| % Crowded housing | 10.3 ± 7.8 | 6.9 ± 6.0 | 5.7 ± 4.8 | 5.2 ± 4.8 | 3.6 ± 2.7 | 3.7 ± 3.7 | 6.2 ± 5.4 | 6.5 ± 6.7 |
| % Minority | 59.0 ± 27.2 | 53.0 ± 26.7 | 45.8 ± 21.0 | 39.0 ± 22.0 | 29.5 ± 15.9 | 29.2 ± 18.3 | 44.7 ± 22.5 | 44.7 ± 26.1 |
| % Limited English | 19.2 ± 11.0 | 14.5 ± 9.3 | 14.0 ± 8.7 | 11.1 ± 8.4 | 6.2 ± 5.2 | 8.0 ± 7.7 | 14.4 ± 9.8 | 12.9 ± 10.5 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||||
| Hypertension | 2726 (16.2) | 585 (28.3) | 620 (25.2) | 117 (25.0) | 113 (26.0) | 5718 (23.4) | 464 (19.7) | 504 (9.1) |
| Diabetes | 2025 (12.0%) | 338 (16.4%) | 387 (15.8%) | 105 (22.4%) | 63 (14.5%) | 2496 (10.2%) | 267 (11.3%) | 265 (4.8%) |
| BMI | ||||||||
| Underweight | 147/15 062 (1.0) | 40/1832 (2.2) | 88/2162 (4.1) | 6/423 (1.4) | 6/391 (1.5) | 401/21621 (1.9) | 37/2088 (1.8) | 56/3605 (1.6) |
| Normal | 2519/15 062 (16.7) | 416/1832 (22.7) | 976/2162 (45.1) | 81/423 (19.1) | 70/391 (17.%) | 5713/21 621 (26.4) | 527/2088 (25.2) | 975/3605 (27.0) |
| Overweight | 5132/15 062 (34.1) | 557/1832 (30.4) | 722/2162 (33.4) | 112/423 (26.5) | 98/391 (25.1) | 6780/21 621 (31.4) | 706/2088 (33.8) | 1256/3605 (34.8) |
| Class 1 obesity | 4002/15 062 (26.6) | 401/1832 (21.9) | 263/2162 (12.2) | 97/423 (22.9) | 97/391 (24.8) | 4462/21 621 (20.6) | 470/2088 (22.5) | 707/3605 (19.6) |
| Class 2 obesity | 1887/15 062 (12.5) | 215/1832 (11.7) | 70/2162 (3.2) | 58/423 (13.7) | 56/391 (14.3) | 2346/21 621 (10.9) | 209/2088 (10.0) | 373/3605 (10.3) |
| Class 3 obesity | 1375/15 062 (9.1) | 203/1832 (11.1) | 43/2162 (2.0) | 69/423 (16.3) | 64/391 (16.4) | 1919/21 621 (8.9) | 139/2088 (6.7) | 238/3605 (6.6) |
| Chronic respiratory disease | ||||||||
| Asthma | 731 (4.3%) | 164 (7.9%) | 135 (5.5%) | 30 (6.4%) | 63 (14.5%) | 1506 (6.2%) | 104 (4.4%) | 161 (2.9%) |
| COPD | 133 (0.8%) | 71 (3.4%) | 40 (1.6%) | 7 (1.5%) | 28 (6.5%) | 1056 (4.3%) | 52 (2.2%) | 37 (0.7%) |
| Cardiovascular disease | ||||||||
| Coronary artery disease | 281 (1.7) | 54 (2.6) | 97 (3.9) | 26 (5.6) | 17 (3.9) | 1346 (5.5) | 86 (3.7) | 69 (1.2) |
| Myocardial infarction | 170 (1.0) | 46 (2.2) | 52 (2.1) | 14 (3.0) | 9 (2.1) | 495 (2.0) | 45 (1.%) | 41 (0.7) |
| Congestive heart failure | 374 (2.2) | 111 (5.4) | 90 (3.7) | 22 (4.7) | 25 (5.8) | 1328 (5.4) | 102 (4.3) | 76 (1.4) |
| Kidney disease | 755 (4.5) | 170 (8.2) | 159 (6.5) | 46 (9.8) | 29 (6.7) | 1530 (6.3) | 117 (5.0) | 91 (1.6) |
| Liver disease | 474 (2.8) | 45 (2.2) | 93 (3.8) | 13 (2.8) | 27 (6.2) | 592 (2.4) | 50 (2.1) | 59 (1.1) |
| Cancer | 323 (1.9) | 60 (2.9) | 77 (3.1) | 7 (1.5) | 16 (3.7) | 1069 (4.4) | 44 (1.9) | 67 (1.2) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (range) | 0.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 0.0 (0.0–2.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 1.0 (0.0–3.0) | 0.0 (0.0–1.0) |
| Location of testing | ||||||||
| Emergency | 5114 (30.4) | 652 (31.6) | 422 (17.2) | 117 (25.0) | 70 (16.1) | 3367 (13.8) | 663 (28.2) | 371 (6.7) |
| Inpatient | 2854 (17.0) | 385 (18.6) | 538 (21.9) | 98 (20.9) | 73 (16.8) | 3994 (16.3) | 503 (21.4) | 343 (6.2) |
| Urgent care | 4142 (24.6) | 390 (18.9) | 628 (25.6) | 106 (22.6) | 70 (16.1) | 8029 (32.8) | 538 (22.9) | 1322 (23.8) |
| Other outpatient | 4165 (24.7) | 564 (27.3) | 792 (32.2) | 124 (26.5) | 204 (47.0) | 7723 (31.6) | 566 (24.1) | 3167 (56.9) |
| Other service area | 561 (3.3) | 74 (3.6) | 75 (3.1) | 23 (4.9) | 17 (3.9) | 1355 (5.5) | 83 (3.5) | 361 (6.5) |
Abbreviations: AI/AN, American Indian/Alaska Native; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; NH/PI, Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.