Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients Evaluated With the COvid Risk cALculator (CORAL)
| Outcome of 1st CORAL Use Within Encounter, No. (%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Negative NAAT Result | ≥2 Negative NAAT Results | ||||
| Characteristic | Resolved (n = 1034) | Repeated NAAT (n = 546) | Resolved (n = 647) | Further Chest Imaging ± LRT Sampling (n = 49) | ID Physician Review ± LRT Sampling (n = 27) |
| Epidemiologya | |||||
| Cannot obtain history | 53 (5.1) | 108 (19.8) | 100 (15.5) | 12 (24.5) | 5 (18.5) |
| Close contact with confirmed COVID-19 in last 14 d | 5 (0.5) | 3 (0.5) | 2 (0.3) | 3 (6.1) | 1 (3.7) |
| Preadmission circumstances | |||||
| Congregate setting | 110 (10.6) | 69 (12.6) | 77 (11.9) | 8 (16.3) | 4 (14.8) |
| Experiencing homelessness | 48 (4.6) | 25 (4.6) | 36 (5.6) | 8 (16.3) | 1 (3.7) |
| Private home | 818 (79.1) | 341 (62.5) | 433 (66.9) | 18 (36.7) | 16 (59.3) |
| Receives hemodialysis | 35 (3.4) | 24 (4.4) | 15 (2.3) | 4 (8.2) | 1 (3.7) |
| Symptomsb | |||||
| Respiratory symptoms | |||||
| Shortness of breath | 158 (15.3) | 280 (51.3) | 143 (22.1) | 20 (40.8) | 16 (59.3) |
| Cough | 45 (4.4) | 132 (24.2) | 74 (11.4) | 19 (38.8) | 6 (22.2) |
| Viral symptoms | |||||
| Fever (objective or subjective) | 195 (18.9) | 96 (17.6) | 113 (17.5) | 13 (26.5) | 8 (29.6) |
| Chills | 45 (4.4) | 46 (8.4) | 29 (4.5) | 5 (10.2) | 2 (7.4) |
| Headache | 26 (2.5) | 17 (3.1) | 18 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (7.4) |
| Sore throat | 15 (1.4) | 18 (3.3) | 23 (3.6) | 2 (4.1) | 1 (3.7) |
| Muscle aches | 21 (2.0) | 24 (4.4) | 19 (2.9) | 2 (4.1) | 3 (11.1) |
| Loss of taste (ageusia) | 2 (0.2) | 3 (0.5) | 4 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Loss of smell (anosmia) | 3 (0.3) | 4 (0.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Other symptoms | 15 (1.5) | 3 (0.5) | 6 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (3.7) |
| Chest radiographic findings | |||||
| Clear lungs | 610 (59.0) | 99 (18.1) | 211 (32.6) | 10 (20.4) | 0 (0) |
| Focal consolidation, lobar collapse, likely atelectasis, or any changes that are stable to improved from prior imaging >2 wk earlier | 128 (12.4) | 141 (25.8) | 122 (18.9) | 6 (12.2) | 0 (0) |
| Any other abnormality | 52 (5.0) | 219 (40.1) | 112 (17.3) | 33 (67.3) | 0 (0) |
| Chest CT findingsc | |||||
| No findings suspicious for COVID-19 | 234 (22.6) | 1 (0.2) | 134 (20.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Atypical or indeterminate for COVID-19 | 10 (1.0) | 76 (13.9) | 68 (10.5) | 0 (0) | 7 (25.9) |
| Typical for COVID-19 | 0 (0) | 10 (1.8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 20 (74.1) |
| Mitigating factors | |||||
| Alternative diagnosis | NA | NA | 429 (66.3) | 13 (26.5) | 7 (25.9) |
| Sputum NAAT negative | NA | NA | 88 (13.6) | 0 (0) | 2 (7.4) |
| Tracheal aspirate NAAT negative | NA | NA | 24 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Abbreviations: COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CT, computed tomography; ID, infectious diseases; LRT, lower respiratory tract; NA, not applicable; NAAT, nucleic acid amplification test.
aQuestions cascaded based on previous answers; for example, if a patient had close contact, questions about living situation and dialysis were not asked (see Supplementary Material).
bPatients could report >1 symptom.
cCategories were based on Radiological Society of North America Reporting criteria [21].