Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Feb 17:bbaa420. doi: 10.1093/bib/bbaa420

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com

This article is made available via the PMC Open Access Subset for unrestricted re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic or until permissions are revoked in writing. Upon expiration of these permissions, PMC is granted a perpetual license to make this article available via PMC and Europe PMC, consistent with existing copyright protections.

This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model)

PMC Copyright notice

Major phases of data science pipeline towards decision making and analysis. Data initially collected and integrated from many sources. Then they need to be pre-processed to filter uninformative or possibly misleading values (e.g. outliers or noise). Then existing models are used to explain data or extract relevant patterns describing data or predicting associations. Finally, results need to be interpreted and explained by domain experts. Each step of analysis may generate corrections or refinements that are applied to precedent steps.