Table 2.
Odds ratios (ORs) for mental distress on different dates in the survey period, compared to March 11, 2020, overall and stratified by sociodemographic characteristics
| Population | Prevalence of mental distress on March 11 (%) | OR for mental distressa, OR (95% CI) | p-value for interactionb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April 1 | May 1 | June 1 | July 1 | August 1 | |||
| Overall | 26.1 | 1.84 (1.65, 2.07) | 1.92 (1.62, 2.28) | 0.82 (0.69, 0.96) | 0.83 (0.70, 1.00) | 0.80 (0.66, 0.96) | N/A |
| Sex | |||||||
| Male | 20.3 | 1.69 (1.41, 2.02) | 1.53 (1.15, 2.02) | 0.62 (0.48, 0.82) | 0.74 (0.55, 0.99) | 0.60 (0.44, 0.83) | .014 |
| Female | 30.2 | 1.98 (1.72, 2.28) | 2.29 (1.85, 2.82) | 0.99 (0.82, 1.21) | 0.91 (0.73, 1.14) | 0.97 (0.77, 1.23) | |
| Age | |||||||
| 18–29 | 41.8 | 1.39 (1.01, 1.91) | 1.27 (0.80, 2.03) | 0.58 (0.37, 0.90) | 0.47 (0.28, 0.80) | 0.63 (0.35, 1.13) | .674 |
| 30–49 | 29.2 | 2.09 (1.72, 2.53) | 2.32 (1.74, 3.11) | 0.94 (0.72, 1.23) | 0.99 (0.74, 1.33) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.13) | |
| 50–64 | 24.9 | 1.82 (1.49, 2.21) | 1.84 (1.37, 2.47) | 0.77 (0.57, 1.03) | 0.81 (0.59, 1.11) | 0.78 (0.56, 1.09) | |
| 65+ | 16.2 | 1.82 (1.42, 2.33) | 1.93 (1.33, 2.80) | 0.88 (0.62, 1.26) | 0.94 (0.64, 1.40) | 0.94 (0.62, 1.41) | |
| Race | |||||||
| White | 24.9 | 1.91 (1.67, 2.19) | 1.92 (1.58, 2.35) | 0.75 (0.62, 0.90) | 0.81 (0.66, 1.00) | 0.74 (0.60, 0.92) | .811 |
| Black | 20.1 | 1.39 (0.94, 2.06) | 1.50 (0.85, 2.65) | 0.93 (0.57, 1.53) | 0.73 (0.41, 1.32) | 0.74 (0.40, 1.36) | |
| Hispanic/Latino | 32.1 | 1.93 (1.41, 2.65) | 2.13 (1.31, 3.47) | 0.92 (0.58, 1.45) | 0.92 (0.55, 1.55) | 0.96 (0.54, 1.71) | |
| Other | 29.5 | 1.84 (1.27, 2.65) | 2.12 (1.17, 3.86) | 1.03 (0.52, 2.05) | 0.92 (0.47, 1.81) | 0.96 (0.46, 1.99) | |
| Household structure | |||||||
| With partner only | 21.1 | 1.76 (1.42, 2.17) | 1.83 (1.33, 2.51) | 0.84 (0.61, 1.14) | 0.88 (0.62, 1.23) | 0.93 (0.64, 1.33) | .589 |
| Alone | 26.4 | 1.59 (1.23, 2.07) | 1.58 (1.08, 2.32) | 0.80 (0.55, 1.16) | 0.86 (0.58, 1.26) | 0.78 (0.51, 1.19) | |
| With partner and kids | 25.4 | 2.04 (1.61, 2.59) | 2.02 (1.40, 2.91) | 0.69 (0.49, 0.97) | 0.76 (0.52, 1.10) | 0.72 (0.49, 1.06) | |
| With kids only | 24.1 | 1.92 (1.19, 3.09) | 2.04 (1.00, 4.18) | 0.89 (0.47, 1.67) | 1.03 (0.51, 2.11) | 1.13 (0.50, 2.56) | |
| Other | 33.1 | 1.92 (1.53, 2.42) | 2.17 (1.54, 3.05) | 0.94 (0.68, 1.29) | 0.81 (0.56, 1.18) | 0.70 (0.47, 1.05) | |
| Federal poverty line | |||||||
| Above | 24.1 | 1.93 (1.71, 2.19) | 2.06 (1.71, 2.47) | 0.85 (0.71, 1.01) | 0.87 (0.72, 1.06) | 0.83 (0.67, 1.02) | .496 |
| Below | 39.1 | 1.46 (1.08, 1.97) | 1.39 (0.89, 2.17) | 0.70 (0.46, 1.08) | 0.68 (0.42, 1.08) | 0.67 (0.41, 1.10) | |
| Census region | |||||||
| South | 23.4 | 1.77 (1.46, 2.14) | 1.75 (1.32, 2.32) | 0.72 (0.55, 0.94) | 0.73 (0.54, 1.00) | 0.79 (0.57, 1.11) | .930 |
| Midwest | 25.7 | 1.87 (1.51, 2.33) | 2.02 (1.44, 2.85) | 0.90 (0.64, 1.27) | 0.93 (0.63, 1.36) | 0.87 (0.58, 1.31) | |
| Northeast | 26.7 | 2.02 (1.43, 2.84) | 2.08 (1.25, 3.46) | 0.75 (0.48, 1.17) | 0.73 (0.46, 1.17) | 0.68 (0.40, 1.16) | |
| West | 27.8 | 1.82 (1.51, 2.19) | 1.98 (1.48, 2.65) | 0.95 (0.72, 1.26) | 0.98 (0.72, 1.34) | 0.83 (0.61, 1.14) |
Bold font indicates statistical significance.
aReference is odds of mental distress on March 11, 2020.
bInteraction terms are between the splines for days since March 10, 2020 and each sociodemographic characteristic.