Table 1.
Characteristics of 25–64 years old residents in Myanmar, by gender and urban–rural location
| Variables | Total (n=8390) N (%) |
Urban | Rural | ||||
| Male (n=830) N (%) |
Female (n=1798) N (%) |
Total (n=2628) N (%) |
Male (n=2117) N (%) |
Female (n=3645) N (%) |
Total (n=5762) N (%) |
||
| Age (mean years±SD) | 44.9±10.7 | 47.0±10.8 | 46.0±10.3 | 46.4±10.4 | 44.1±10.9 | 44.4±10.7 | 44.2±10.8 |
| Age group (years) | |||||||
| 25–34 | 1689 (20.1) | 139 (16.7) | 272 (15.1) | 411 (15.6) | 488 (23.1) | 790 (21.7) | 1278 (22.2) |
| 35–44 | 2315 (27.6) | 178 (21.4) | 511 (28.4) | 689 (26.2) | 577 (27.3) | 1049 (28.8) | 1626 (28.2) |
| 45–54 | 2412 (28.7) | 269 (32.4) | 558 (31.0) | 827 (31.5) | 580 (27.4) | 1005 (27.6) | 1585 (27.5) |
| 55–64 | 1974 (23.5) | 244 (29.4) | 457 (25.4) | 701 (26.7) | 472 (22.3) | 801 (22.0) | 1273 (22.1) |
| Education (mean years±SD) | 5.7±4.1 | 8.4±3.9 | 7.5±4.2 | 7.7±4.1 | 5.3±3.4 | 4.5±3.8 | 4.8±3.7 |
| Education level | |||||||
| No formal school | 1256 (15.0) | 51 (6.1) | 122 (6.8) | 173 (6.6) | 370 (17.5) | 713 (19.6) | 1083 (18.8) |
| Less than primary school | 1912 (22.8) | 66 (8.0) | 293 (16.3) | 359 (13.7) | 434 (20.5) | 1119 (30.7) | 1553 (27.0) |
| Primary school completed | 3121 (37.2) | 265 (31.9) | 574 (31.9) | 839 (31.9) | 933 (44.1) | 1349 (37.0) | 2282 (39.6) |
| Secondary school completed | 1044 (12.4) | 214 (25.8) | 349 (19.4) | 563 (21.4) | 239 (11.3) | 242 (6.6) | 481 (8.3) |
| High school completed | 524 (6.2) | 117 (14.1) | 203 (11.3) | 320 (12.2) | 86 (4.1) | 118 (3.2) | 204 (3.5) |
| College/university completed | 499 (5.9) | 110 (13.3) | 241 (13.4) | 351 (13.4) | 53 (2.5) | 95 (2.6) | 148 (2.6) |
| Postgraduate degree | 34 (0.4) | 7 (0.8) | 16 (0.9) | 23 (0.9) | 2 (0.1) | 9 (0.2) | 11 (0.2) |
| Employment status | |||||||
| Government employee | 359 (4.3) | 81 (9.8) | 120 (6.7) | 201 (7.6) | 59 (2.8) | 99 (2.7) | 158 (2.7) |
| Non-government employee | 560 (6.7) | 88 (10.6) | 78 (4.3) | 166 (6.3) | 182 (8.6) | 212 (5.8) | 394 (6.8) |
| Self-employed | 5074 (60.5) | 495 (59.6) | 628 (34.9) | 1123 (42.7) | 1667 (78.7) | 2284 (62.7) | 3951 (68.6) |
| Non-paid | 210 (2.5) | 36 (4.3) | 28 (1.6) | 64 (2.4) | 59 (2.8) | 87 (2.4) | 146 (2.5) |
| Student | 8 (0.1) | 3 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | 2 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) | 5 (0.1) |
| Homemaker | 1559 (18.6) | 6 (0.7) | 811 (45.1) | 817 (31.1) | 7 (0.3) | 735 (20.2) | 742 (12.9) |
| Retired | 174 (2.1) | 61 (7.3) | 38 (2.1) | 99 (3.8) | 44 (2.1) | 31 (0.9) | 75 (1.3) |
| Unemployed (able to work) | 298 (3.6) | 47 (5.7) | 70 (3.9) | 117 (4.5) | 59 (2.8) | 122 (3.3) | 181 (3.1) |
| Unemployed (unable to work) | 144 (1.7) | 13 (1.6) | 24 (1.3) | 37 (1.4) | 38 (1.8) | 69 (1.9) | 107 (1.9) |
| Refused to answer | 4 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (0.1) | 3 (0.1) |
| Daily income US$ per day (n=7408) | |||||||
| <1.9 | 992 (13.4) | 38 (5.0) | 79 (4.8) | 117 (4.9) | 316 (17.0) | 559 (17.8) | 875 (17.5) |
| ≥1.9 | 6416 (86.6) | 727 (95.0) | 1559 (95.2) | 2286 (95.1) | 1540 (83.0) | 2590 (82.2) | 4130 (82.5) |
US$, US dollar.