Table 2.

Associations Between Household Food Security and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Low-Income Adults in the United States (n=1,476)

	Depression			Anxiety			High perceived stress
	OR	95% CI	p-trend	OR	95% CI	p-trend	OR	95% CI	p-trend
Age and sex adjusted
High	Ref.		<0.001	Ref.		<0.001	Ref.		<0.001
Marginal	2.42a	1.69–3.47		2.54a	1.83–3.51		2.44a	1.73–3.44
Low	3.84a	2.69–5.50		3.11a	2.22–4.34		4.00a	2.83–5.66
Very low	7.75a	5.61–10.72		6.00a	4.44–8.13		10.21a	7.40–14.09
Multivariable adjusted
High	Ref.		<0.001	Ref.		<0.001	Ref.		<0.001
Marginal	2.49a	1.72–3.59		2.67a	1.91–3.73		2.51a	1.76–3.57
Low	4.04a	2.80–5.84		3.46a	2.44–4.87		4.39a	3.06–6.30
Very low	7.72a	5.52–10.80		6.19a	4.51–8.51		10.91a	7.78–15.30

Analyses based on logistic regression models. Multivariable adjusted models adjusted for food security, age, sex, race/ethnicity, marital status, presence of children in the household, household income, education status, employment status, and student status.

^ap<0.001.

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.