Table 3.
Neurodevelopmental outcome and MB at follow-up.
| Test | Normal MB at 10y (n = 30) | Atrophy MB at 10y (n = 14) | p-value | Mean difference (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intelligence | ||||
| Total intelligence quotient, mean (SD) | 99.9 (13.5) | 80.6 (11.3) | < 0.001* | 19.3 (10.8—27.7) |
| Verbal intelligence quotient, mean (SD) | 101.8 (13.3) | 87.6 (8.9) | 0.002* | 14.2 (5.4—23.0) |
| Performance intelligence quotient, mean (SD) | 98.0 (14.2) | 76.6 (10.5) | < 0.001* | 21.4 (12.2—30.6) |
| Processing Speed, mean (SD) | 100.9 (16.7) | 86.7 (10.5) | 0.007 | 14.2 (4.0—24.3) |
| Memory | ||||
| Verbal long-term memory-immediate recall, mean decile score (SD) | 4.4 (2.8) | 1.1 (0.3) | < 0.001* | 3.3 (2.3—4.4) |
| Verbal long-term memory-delayed recall, mean decile score corrected for age (SD) | 3.6 (2.7) | 1.0 (0.0) | < 0.001* | 2.6 (1.6–3.6) |
| Verbal Working Memory, mean norm score (SD) | 9.3 (3.3) | 9.1 (4.1) | 0.90 | 0.1 (− 2.2–2.5) |
| Visual-spatial Working Memory, mean t-score (SD) | 48.2 (12.0) | 47.0 (12.2) | 0.76 | 1.2 (− 6.8–9.3) |
| Visual-spatial long-term memory direct recall, mean t-score (SD) | 40.8 (14.3) | 22.7 (4.9) | < 0.001* | 18.2 (12.2–24.1) |
| Visual-spatial long-term memory delayed recall, mean t-score (SD) | 39.9 (11.5) | 20.5. (2.4) | < 0.001* | 19.4 (14.8–24.0) |
| Attention | ||||
| Sustained attention, mean (SD) | 8.3 (3.1) | 8.2 (3.7) | 0.95 | 0.9 (− 2.1–2.3) |
| Selective attention, mean (SD) | 10.0 (2.1) | 8.5 (3.0) | 0.11 | 1.5 (− 0.1–3.1) |
| Motor outcome | ||||
| Total composite score, mean (SD) | 47.9 (10.0) | 38.9 (7.1) | 0.004* | 9.0 (3.0–14.0) |
| Fine Manual Control standard score, mean (SD) | 46.5 (9.1) | 35.6 (5.9) | < 0.001* | 10.9 (5.5–16.3) |
| Manual Coordination standard score, mean (SD) | 49.2 (9.0) | 41.2 (10.0) | 0.01 | 8.0 (1.9–14.0) |
| Body coordination standard score, mean (SD) | 42.6 (8.1) | 36.9 (7.1) | 0.03 | 5.7 (0.7–10.8) |
| Strength and agility standard score, mean (SD) | 56.6 (9.5) | 51.3 (8.7) | 0.08 | 5.3 (− 0.7–11.4) |
*For the outcomes of the neuropsychological assessments, after correction for multiple comparison, p-values < 0.004 were statistically significant. For the motor outcome, p-values < 0.01 were statistically significant.