Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of patients according to mortality status after matching.
| Characteristic | Dead (n = 14) | Alive (n = 56) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 73 ± 9 | 71 ± 9 | 0.419 |
| Male sex, n (%) | 7 (50.0%) | 28 (50.0%) | 1.000 |
| DM, n (%) | 6 (42.9%) | 32 (57.1%) | 0.337 |
| CVD, n (%) | 9 (64.3%) | 28 (50.0%) | 0.338 |
| Charlson comorbidity index | |||
| 1–2 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| 3–4 | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (14.3%) | 0.133 |
| ≥5 | 14 (100.0%) | 48 (85.7%) | |
| Dialysis vintage (years) | 7.0 (5.5–9.8) | 8.0 (4.0–11.3) | 0.797 |
| Dialysis access type | |||
| Arteriovenous fistula | 9 (64.3%) | 51 (91.1%) | |
| Arteriovenous graft | 4 (28.6%) | 5 (8.9%) | 0.015 |
| Central venous catheter | 1 (7.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4 ± 3.3 | 23.9 ± 3.5 | 0.134 |
| FTI (kg/m2) | 8.3 ± 4.5 | 9.6 ± 4.3 | 0.300 |
| LTI (kg/m2) | 13.6 ± 3.1 | 13.3 ± 3.4 | 0.813 |
| BF (%) | 26.1 ± 12.3 | 28.9 ± 10.7 | 0.405 |
| Overhydration (%) | 6.6 (−5.1–13.2) | 6.1 (−0.9–10.0) | 0.912 |
| SGA score | 5.0 (5.0–6.5) | 6.0 (6.0–7.0) | 0.032 |
| PASE score | 17 (2–73) | 54 (22–71) | 0.204 |
| Medication | |||
| PPI, n (%) | 1 (7.7%) | 4 (7.1%) | 0.945 |
| Calcium carbonate, n (%) | 9 (69.2%) | 45 (80.4%) | 0.381 |
| CCB, n (%) | 6 (46.2%) | 28 (50.0%) | 0.803 |
| β-blocker, n (%) | 7 (53.8%) | 26 (46.4%) | 0.630 |
| RAASi, n (%) | 4 (30.8%) | 21 (37.5%) | 0.649 |
| Dietary intake (servings/day) | |||
| Vegetables | 1.9 (0.3–2.7) | 2.3 (1.8–3.2) | 0.083 |
| Fruits | 0.7 (0.2–1.0) | 0.6 (0.3–1.2) | 0.497 |
| Meat | 0.6 (0.0–1.3) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.696 |
| Laboratory parameters | |||
| Kt/V | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.8 ± 0.3 | 0.128 |
| nPNA (g/kg/day) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 0.095 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 4.0 ± 0.3 | 0.202 |
| Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | 115 (100–157) | 111 (101–156) | 0.877 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 138 (122–155) | 157 (144–187) | 0.033 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 75 (68–87) | 89 (69–111) | 0.053 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 89 (59–193) | 101 (68–153) | 0.681 |
| Calcium (mmol/l) | 9.1 ± 0.8 | 9.4 ± 0.9 | 0.354 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dl) | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 5.1 ± 1.3 | 0.503 |
| iPTH (pg/ml) | 166 (24–494) | 295 (185–577) | 0.154 |
| CRP (mg/dl) | 0.36 (0.14–1.07) | 0.26 (0.15–0.59) | 0.436 |
| IL-6 (pg/ml) | 17.50 (10.59–34.95) | 6.86 (5.06–14.76) | 0.006 |
| TNF-α (pg/ml) | 7.07 (1.71–24.07) | 2.53 (0.50–5.06) | 0.026 |
BF body fat, BMI body mass index, CCB calcium channel blocker, CRP C-reactive protein, CVD cardiovascular disease, DM diabetes mellitus, FTI fat tissue index, IL-6 interleukin-6, iPTH intact parathyroid hormone, LDL low-density lipoprotein, LTI lean tissue index, nPNA normalized protein nitrogen appearance, PASE the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, PPI proton pump inhibitor, RAASi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor, SGA subjective global assessment, TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α.