Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| All patients in the study (n = 108) | Patients with myocardial ischemia on Holter recording (n = 20) | Patients with acute coronary syndromes a (n = 6) | Patients with silent myocardial ischemia on Holter recording (n = 16) | Patients without symptoms or myocardial ischemia b (n = 84) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
| Sex, male/female | 59/49 (54.6/45.4) | 13/7 (65.0/35.0) | 2/4 (33.3/66.7) | 4/12 (25.0/75.0) | 41/45 (47.7/52.3) |
| Age, median (range), years | 66 (35–81) | 66 (47–76) | 72 (47–78) | 66 (47–76) | 66 (35–81) |
| Localization of cancer | |||||
| Anal | 26 (24.1) | 6 (30.0) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (31.3) | 20 (23.3) |
| Colon | 63 (58.3) | 10 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | 52 (60.5) |
| Rectum | 19 (17.6) | 4 (20.0) | 2 (33.3) | 3 (18.8) | 14 (16.3) |
| Treatment setting | |||||
| Chemoradiation (curative intent) | 26 (24.1) | 6 (30.0) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (31.3) | 20 (23.3) |
| Adjuvant (curative intent) | 76 (70.4) | 11 (55.0) | 3 (50.0) | 9 (56.3) | 64 (74.4) |
| Metastatic (all palliative intent) | 6 (5.6) | 3 (15.0) | 2 (33.3) | 2 (12.5) | 2 (2.3) |
| Schedule of chemotherapy | |||||
| 5‐FU and cisplatin c | 26 (24.1) | 6 (30.0) | 1 (16.7) | 5 (31.3) | 20 (23.3) |
| FOLFOX d | 76 (70.4) | 12 (60.0) | 4 (66.7) | 10 (62.5) | 62 (72.1) |
| de Gramont | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (2.3) |
| FOLFIRI e | 4 (3.7) | 2 (10.0) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (6.3) | 2 (2.3) |
| Dose intensity, start | |||||
| 100% | 95 (88.0) | 19 (86.3) | 4 (66.7) | 15 (93.7) | 76 (88.4) |
| 75%–85% | 13 (12.0) | 3 (13.6) | 2 (33.3) | 1 (6.3) | 10 (11.6) |
| Prior chest irradiation | 3 (2.8) | 1 (5.0) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 2 (2.3) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 1 (0.9) | 1 (5.0) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 0 |
| Previous stroke or transient cerebral ischemia | 8 (7.4) | 1 (5.0) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 7 (8.1) |
| Heart failure | 1 (0.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (1.2) |
| Atrial fibrillation or fluttering | 5 (4.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 (5.8) |
| Other heart diseases f | 3 (2.7) | 1 (5.0) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 2 (2.3) |
| Hypertension | 35 (32.4) | 9 (45.0) | 3 (50.0) | 7 (43.8) | 25 (29.1) |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 73 (67.6) | 13 (65.0) | 4 (66.7) | 11 (68.8) | 58 (67.4) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 6 (5.6) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 6 (7.1) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Current smoker | 16 (14.8) | 3 (15.0) | 0 | 3 (18.8) | 13 (15.1) |
| Former smoker | 58 (53.7) | 10 (50.0) | 2 (33.3) | 8 (50.0) | 48 (55.8) |
| Never smoked | 34 (31.5) | 7 (35.0) | 4 (66.7) | 5 (31.3) | 25 (29.1) |
| BMI | |||||
| Underweight (BMI <18.5) | 2 (1.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 (2.3) |
| Normal (BMI 18.5–24.9) | 45 (41.7) | 8 (40.0) | 3 (50.0) | 6 (37.5) | 36 (41.9) |
| Overweight (BMI 25.0–29.9) | 45 (41.7) | 10 (50.0) | 3 (50.0) | 8 (50.0) | 34 (39.5) |
| Obese (BMI >29.9) | 16 (14.8) | 2 (10.0) | 0 | 2 (12.5) | 14 (16.3) |
| Cardiac medications | |||||
| Beta blocker | 8 (7.4) | 2 (10.0) | 0 | 2 (12.5) | 6 (7.0) |
| Calcium channel blocker | 7 (6.5) | 1 (5.0) | 1 (16.7) | 1 (6.3) | 5 (5.8) |
| Digoxin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NYHA class at baseline | |||||
| 1–2 | 101 (93.5) | 18 (90.0) | 6 (100.0) | 14 (87.5) | 81 (94.2) |
| 3 | 7 (6.5) | 2 (10.0) | 0 | 2 (12.5) | 5 (5.8) |
| Baseline troponin I | |||||
| >40 ng/L (%) | 2 (1.9) | 1 (4.5) | 1 (16.7) | 0 | 1 (1.2) |
| Low eGFR (<60 mL/min/1.73 m2) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (5.0) | 0 | 1 (6.3) | 0 |
| Anemia g | 40 (37.0) | 11 (55.0) | 4 (66.7) | 8 (50.0) | 28 (32.6) |
One of six patients had chest pain without objective evidence of myocardial ischemia on Holter recording or 12‐lead ECG.
Patients with acute coronary syndromes and myocardial ischemia and the two patients with symptomatic arrhythmias are not included in this column.
One patient received only 5‐FU and no cisplatin.
One patient received treatment with FOLFOX + epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor.
One patient received treatment with FOLFIRI + epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor.
Aortic and mitral valve diseases.
Defined according to World Health Organization: hemoglobin <7.4 mmol/L for nonpregnant women and <8.1 mmol/L for men >15 years.
Abbreviations: 5‐FU, 5‐fluorouracil; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FOLFIRI, 5‐FU + irinotecan; FOLFOX, 5‐FU + oxaliplatin; NYHA, New York Heart Association.