Table 3. Association of surgical approach and survival in cervical cancer by multivariable analysis after PSM matching.
| Characteristics | Multivariate analysis for 5-year DFS | Multivariate analysis for 5-year OS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | p | HR | 95% CI | p | ||
| Surgical approach | 0.590 | 0.766 | |||||
| Abdominal | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Laparoscopic | 1.17 | 0.66–2.09 | 0.590 | 0.89 | 0.41–1.92 | 0.766 | |
| Age (yr) | 1.03 | 0.10–1.06 | 0.094 | 1.06 | 1.02–1.11 | 0.002 | |
| Histologic type | 0.875 | 0.886 | |||||
| Squamous cell | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Adenocarcinoma | 1.09 | 0.50–2.38 | 0.825 | 0.76 | 0.26–2.26 | 0.626 | |
| Adenosquamous | 0.63 | 0.09–4.64 | 0.653 | 0.90 | 0.12–6.71 | 0.917 | |
| Tumor type | 0.010 | 0.024 | |||||
| Invisible tumor | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Visible tumor | 3.91 | 1.38–11.08 | 0.010 | 10.07 | 1.35–75.19 | 0.024 | |
| LVSI | 0.846 | 0.483 | |||||
| Negative | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Positive | 1.09 | 0.47–2.53 | 0.846 | 0 | - | 0.483 | |
| Stromal invasion | 0.147 | 0.141 | |||||
| Superficial | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Deep | 0.86 | 0.39–1.91 | 0.705 | 0.56 | 0.19–1.64 | 0.289 | |
| Unreported | 1.95 | 0.94–4.01 | 0.072 | 1.99 | 0.78–5.10 | 0.150 | |
| Parametrium | 0.985 | 0 | 0.987 | ||||
| Negative | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Positive | 0 | - | 0.985 | 0 | - | 0.979 | |
| Surgical margin | 0.976 | 0 | 0.979 | ||||
| Negative | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Positive | 0 | - | 0.976 | 0 | - | 0.977 | |
| Lymph node metastasis | 0.002 | <0.001 | |||||
| Negative | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Positive | 3.44 | 1.59–7.45 | 0.002 | 6.00 | 2.37–15.24 | <0.001 | |
| Adjuvant therapy | 0.769 | 0.921 | |||||
| None | 1 (Ref) | 1 (Ref) | |||||
| Chemotherapy | 0.79 | 0.37–1.70 | 0.549 | 1.90 | 0.42–2.84 | 0.862 | |
| Radiochemotherapy/radiotherapy | 0.77 | 0.33–1.80 | 0.551 | 0.87 | 0.23–2.52 | 0.791 | |
Multicollinearity test and cox proportional hazard regression models were used for analysis. Proportional hazard assumption was tested and showed no interaction with time. Bold indicates significant p-value.
CI, confidence interval; DFS, disease-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; LVSI, lymphovascular space invasion; OS, overall survival; PSM, propensity score matching.