Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis for long-term unfavorable outcomes (mRS > 2).
| Characteristics (Total) | Univariate | p-value | Multivariate | p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present (n = 20) | Absent (n = 51) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Sex (male) | 15 (75.0) | 37 (72.5) | 0.881 (0.270–2.879) | 0.834 | ||
| Age (>65 years) | 15 (75.0) | 19 (37.3) | 5.053 (1.583–16.125) | 0.006* | 4.276 (1.155–15.839) | 0.030* |
| Hemorrhagic presentation | 18 (90.0) | 36 (70.6) | 3.750 (0.772–18.209) | 0.085 | ||
| Admission mRS score | 2.2 ± 1.4 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 2.001 (1.260–3.179) | 0.003* | 1.749 (1.048–2.920) | 0.033* |
| Supratentorial location | 14 (70.0) | 37 (72.5) | 0.883 (0.283–2.752) | 0.830 | ||
| Size (cm) | 3.3 ± 1.7 | 2.8 ± 1.4 | 1.024 (0.990–1.059) | 0.168 | ||
| SM grade (IV–V) | 6 (30.0) | 4 (7.8) | 5.036 (1.243–20.397) | 0.024* | 6.079 (1.182–31.258) | 0.031* |
| Management modalities | 0.468 | |||||
| Conservation | 4 (20.0) | 17 (33.3) | Ref. | |||
| Microsurgery | 11 (55.0) | 19 (37.3) | 0.768 (0.191–3.089) | 0.710 | ||
| Embolization | 4 (20.0) | 9 (17.6) | 0.288 (0.031–2.714) | 0.277 | ||
| SRS | 1 (5.0) | 6 (11.8) | 0.406 (0.109–1.519) | 0.181 | ||
| Complete obliteration | 8 (40.0) | 20 (39.2) | 1.033 (0.359–2.972) | 0.951 | ||
| Characteristics (intervention) | Univariate | p-value | Multivariate | p-value | ||
| Present (n = 16) | Absent (n = 34) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Sex (male) | 12 (75.0) | 27 (79.4) | 1.286 (0.316–5.235) | 0.726 | ||
| Age (>65 years) | 12 (75.0) | 13 (38.2) | 4.846 (1.287–18.255) | 0.020* | ||
| Hemorrhagic presentation | 15 (93.8) | 26 (76.5) | 4.615 (0.525–40.577) | 0.168 | ||
| Admission mRS score | 2.4 ± 1.5 | 1.2 ± 1.0 | 2.279 (1.319–3.939) | 0.003* | 3.070 (1.559–6.043) | 0.001* |
| Supratentorial location | 11 (68.8) | 25 (73.5) | 0.792 (0.215–2.915) | 0.726 | ||
| Size (cm) | 3.3 ± 1.7 | 2.7 ± 1.4 | 1.024 (0.985–1.064) | 0.232 | ||
| SM grade (IV-V) | 4 (25.0) | 2 (5.9) | 5.333 (0.862–32.997) | 0.072 | ||
| Management modalities | 0.544 | |||||
| Microsurgery | 11 (68.8) | 19 (55.9) | Ref. | |||
| Embolization | 4 (25.0) | 9 (26.5) | 0.768 (0.191–3.089) | 0.710 | ||
| SRS | 1 (6.3) | 6 (17.6) | 0.288 (0.031–2.714) | 0.277 | ||
| Complete obliteration | 8 (50.0) | 20 (58.8) | 0.578 (0.177–1.882) | 0.363 | 0.146 (0.026–0.828) | 0.030* |
| Characteristics (Microsurgery) | Univariate | p-value | Multivariate | p-value | ||
| Present (n = 11) | Absent (n = 19) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |||
| Sex (male) | 8 (72.7) | 14 (73.7) | 1.050 (0.197–5.602) | 0.954 | ||
| Age (>65 years) | 9 (81.8) | 10 (52.6) | 4.050 (0.685–23.949) | 0.123 | ||
| Hemorrhagic presentation | 11 (100) | 17 (89.5) | 1.0*109 (0.000-) | >0.999 | ||
| Admission mRS score | 3.1 ± 1.3 | 1.4 ± 1.1 | 2.775 (1.377–5.595) | 0.004* | 4.010 (1.321–12.175) | 0.014* |
| Supratentorial location | 9 (81.8) | 15 (78.9) | 1.200 (0.182–7.926) | 0.850 | ||
| Size (cm) | 3.7 ± 1.7 | 3.0 ± 1.2 | 1.041 (0.985–1.099) | 0.156 | ||
| SM grade (IV-V) | 4 (36.4) | 1 (5.3) | 15.000 (1.449–155.313) | 0.023* | 39.048 (1.016–1500.618) | 0.049* |
| Complete obliteration | 8 (72.7) | 19 (100.0) | 0.000 (0.000-) | >0.999 | ||
CI, Confidence Intervals; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; OR, Odds Ratio; SM grade, Spetzler-Martin grade; SRS, Stereotactic Radiosurgery.
Values are expressed as number of cases (%) or mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise indicated.
*
Statistical significance (p < 0.05).