Figure 1.

A dysbiotic diet disturbs the composition of the intestinal microbiota and affects the integrity of the intestinal barrier. In these conditions, the intestinal lumen’s content could transfer to the bloodstream and induce a low-grade inflammation. This low-grade inflammation contributes negatively to the size of the myocardial infarction and the development of heart failure. An enriched omega-3 PUFA diet could maintain a healthy microbiota and preserve the integrity of the intestinal barrier (→ ←). This microbiota is associated with a decrease in TMA production and an increase of butyrate (see text for details). In these conditions, the enriched omega-3 PUFA diet prevents the induction of low-grade inflammation.