Table 3. Effect of Different Concentrations of Organochlorine Pesticides (OCPs) on Phosphate-Solubilizing Activity of Enterobacter cloacae Strain EAM 35 Grown in PKV Medium and Change in pH of Liquid Brotha.
| P-solubilization (μg mL–1) |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| organochlorine pesticides | concentrations (μM) | day 2 | pH | day 4 | pH | day 6 | pH | day 8 | pH | day 10 | pH |
| benzene hexachloride (BHC) | 25 | 271 ± 23 | 5.4 ± 0.15 | 278 ± 17 | 5.2 ± 0.12 | 283 ± 18 | 5.1 ± 0.10 | 291 ± 9.8 | 5.0 ± 0.10 | 145 ± 18* | 5.5 ± 0.15 |
| 50 | 245 ± 13 | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 247 ± 12.5 | 5.3 ± 0.10 | 252 ± 14 | 5.4 ± 0.05 | 263 ± 7.8 | 5.4 ± 0.05 | 205 ± 13 | 5.7 ± 0.15 | |
| 75 | 187 ± 10* | 5.7 ± 0.15 | 189 ± 10.5* | 5.5 ± 0.05 | 189 ± 10* | 5.5 ± 0.11 | 193 ± 5.6* | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 132 ± 4.7* | 5.8 ±.10 | |
| 100 | 134 ± 5.0** | 5.7 ± 0.10 | 144 ± 0.0** | 5.8 ± 0.11 | 147 ± 7.1* | 5.5 ± 0.10 | 153 ± 4.0* | 5.8 ± 0.06 | 116 ± 0.0** | 6.0 ± 0.10 | |
| 200 | 62 ± 4.7# | 5.9 ± 0.11 | 64 ± 0.0# | 6.0 ± 0.10 | 67 ± 6.6** | 6.1 ± 0.02 | 69 ± 2.0# | 6.2 ± 0.10 | 37 ± 2.7# | 6.2 ± 0.10 | |
| mean | 179.8 | 5.66 | 184.4 | 5.56 | 187.6 | 5.52 | 193.8 | 5.6 | 127 | 5.84 | |
| chlorpyrifos (CP) | 25 | 245 ± 15 | 5.4 ± 0.10 | 250 ± 12 | 5.3 ± 0.05 | 262 ± 3.4 | 5.3 ± 0.12 | 278 ± 0.0 | 5.4 ± 0.10 | 133 ± 12* | 5.7 ± 0.10 |
| 50 | 235 ± 11 | 5.6 ± 0.15 | 239 ± 16.3 | 5.5 ±0.10 | 244 ± 25 | 5.5 ± 0.05 | 248 ± 8.0 | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 113 ± 11** | 5.8 ± 0.15 | |
| 75 | 174 ± 9.2 | 5.7 ± 0.15 | 176 ± 22* | 5.5 ± 0.10 | 182 ± 11.5* | 5.6 ± 0.06 | 191 ± 5.4* | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 97 ± 8.8** | 5.8 ± 0.12 | |
| 100 | 111 ± 8.4** | 5.7 ± 0.11 | 114 ± 15** | 5.8 ± 0.10 | 119 ± 6.1** | 5.9 ± 0.05 | 125 ± 3.2** | 6.0 ± 0.10 | 85 ± 4.9# | 6.2 ± 0.15 | |
| 200 | 51 ± 5.2# | 5.9 ± 0.10 | 53 ±6.7# | 6.0 ± 0.10 | 56 ± 5.2# | 6.1 ± 0.06 | 61 ± 2.8# | 6.2 ± 0.05 | 38 ± 0.0# | 6.4 ± 0.12 | |
| mean | 163.2 | 5.66 | 166.4 | 5.62 | 172.6 | 5.68 | 180.6 | 5.76 | 93.2 | 5.98 | |
| dieldrin (DE) | 25 | 233 ± 10.3 | 5.4 ± 0.12 | 240 ± 19 | 5.4 ± 0.15 | 245 ± 11 | 5.7 ± 0.01 | 266 ± 7.7 | 5.7 ± 0.11 | 168 ± 0.0* | 5.9 ± 0.11 |
| 50 | 226 ± 7.4 | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 229 ± 16 | 5.7 ± 0.15 | 233 ± 9.8 | 5.8 ± 0.14 | 241 ± 5.6 | 5.8 ± 0.13 | 149 ± 0.0* | 5.9 ± 0.10 | |
| 75 | 203 ± 5.3* | 5.7 ± 0.12 | 206 ± 17* | 5.7 ± 0.10 | 211 ± 6.9* | 5.8 ± 0.15 | 217 ± 7.3* | 5.8 ± 0.06 | 123 ± 7.7** | 6.0 ± 0.12 | |
| 100 | 166 ± 6.2** | 5.7 ± 0.05 | 171 ± 12* | 5.9 ± 0.05 | 181 ± 5.2* | 6.1 ± 0.10 | 183 ± 3.5* | 6.1 ± 0.05 | 86 ± 8.1# | 6.3 ± 0.12 | |
| 200 | 87 ± 2.6# | 5.9 ± 0.01 | 89 ± 8.8** | 6.1 ± 0.11 | 92 ± 2.0# | 6.2 ± 0.10 | 95 ± 0.0** | 6.2 ± 0.05 | 42 ± 2.1# | 6.5 ± 0.11 | |
| mean | 183 | 5.66 | 187 | 5.76 | 192.4 | 5.92 | 200.4 | 5.92 | 113.6 | 6.12 | |
| endosulfan (ES) | 25 | 214 ± 17.1 | 5.4 ± 0.12 | 215 ± 12 | 5.7 ± 0.12 | 219 ± 7.3 | 5.7 ± 0.11 | 222 ± 12 | 5.8 ± 0.10 | 112 ± 16** | 5.9 ± 0.06 |
| 50 | 192 ± 21* | 5.6 ± 0.10 | 192 ± 10* | 5.8 ± 0.13 | 194 ± 4.3* | 5.8 ± 0.13 | 198 ± 17* | 5.9 ± 0.10 | 109 ± 10** | 6.0 ± 0.10 | |
| 75 | 165 ± 13* | 5.7 ± 0.15 | 165 ± 9.2* | 5.8 ± 0.11 | 167 ± 5.0** | 5.8 ± 0.11 | 170 ± 18* | 5.9 ± 0.10 | 89 ± 8.8# | 6.0 ± 0.05 | |
| 100 | 128 ± 9.3** | 5.7 ± 0.06 | 129 ± 7.4** | 6.1 ± 0.05 | 134 ± 3.2** | 6.1 ± 0.05 | 137 ± 10** | 6.2 ± 0.10 | 77 ± 6.1# | 6.4 ± 0.04 | |
| 200 | 38 ± 2.1# | 5.9 ± 0.05 | 40 ± 4.2# | 6.1 ± 0.01 | 40 ± 1.5# | 6.2 ±0.01 | 41 ± 0.0# | 6.2 ± 0.10 | 26 ± 1.0# | 6.6 ±0.10 | |
| mean | 147.4 | 5.66 | 148.2 | 5.9 | 150.8 | 5.92 | 153.6 | 6 | 82.6 | 6.18 | |
| control (without any pesticides) | 0 | 278 ± 23 | 4.0 ± 0.15 | 282 ± 12 | 3.9 ± 0.06 | 292 ± 8.7 | 3.6 ± 0.10 | 311 ± 17 | 3.4 ± 0.10 | 327 ± 14 | 3.4 ± 0.15 |
a
Each value is a mean (mean ± SD) of three independent replicate. The asterisks “*”, “**” and “#” denote statistical significance at p < 0.05, p < 0.005, and p < 0.001, respectively, computed by Student’s t-test. PKV, Pikovskaya (PVK) broth medium.