Table 1.

Baseline characteristics for 1040 adults separated by number of complications.

Preoperative Characteristic	Multiple Complications (n = 97)	No Complication (n = 815)	P Value (Multiple Versus No Complications)	Isolated Complication (n = 128)	P Value (Multiple Versus Isolated Complications)
Age, ya	60 ± 15a	43 ± 24	<.0001	56 ± 20	.39
BMIa	27 ± 7	25 ± 6	.019	28 ± 8	.98
ASA scorea	2.5 ± 0.5	2.4 ± 0.7	.83	2.5 ± 0.5	.96
mFIa	0.67 ± 0.72	0.37 ± 0.65	<.0001	0.71 ± 0.87	.95
Diabetes mellitusb	9 (9.3)	63 (7.7)	.59	17 (13.3)	.35
COPDb	10 (10.3)	27 (3.3)	.001	14 (10.9)	.88
Hypertensionb	45 (46)	197 (24)	<.0001	55 (43)	.61
Smokerb	13 (13)	52 (6.4)	.011	14 (11)	.57
Revision surgeryb	13 (13)	61 (7.5)	.044	18 (14)	.89

Abbreviations: ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; BMI, body mass index; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; mFI, modified frailty index.

^aExpressed as mean ± SD.

^bExpressed as n (%).