FIGURE 4.

Hemostatic effect of chitosan on skin wound which occurs at the first stage of wound healing. (A) Chitosan enhances the expression of GPIIb-IIIa from platelet. And, positively charged chitosan can interact with negatively charged molecules on the activated platelets, promoting platelet aggregation. (B) Erythrocytes aggregate via the interaction between positively charged chitosan and negatively charged molecules on erythrocyte surface. And, chitosan accelerates the formation of fibrin clots by forming a 3D network to capture erythrocytes (black arrows point chitosan). (C) Chitosan plays a hemostatic role by inhibiting fibrinolysis.