Table 1. Summarized symptom frequency and related DWs.
| Arbovirus | Disease details and estimated prevalence of complications | DW for condition(s) or analogous condition(s) from GBD project listings [38,39] | Average (and range) of DW values used for YLD estimations |
|---|---|---|---|
| CHIKV | Acute undifferentiated febrile illness which can include joint pain and rash [2,4] | Mild dengue or yellow fever, DW = 0.051; severe dengue or yellow fever, DW = 0.133 |
0.092 (0.051–0.133) |
| 42.5% (7.0% to 89.7%) of survivors develop persistent postinfectious neurologic and rheumatic symptoms, including polyarthritis [50–56] | Mild rheumatoid arthritis, DW = 0.117; severe rheumatoid arthritis, DW = 0.581 | 0.349 (0.117–0.581) | |
| ZIKV | Acute undifferentiated febrile illness which can include joint pain, rash, and conjunctivitis [3,5,6] | Acute Zika infection, DW = 0.051 | 0.051 |
| 0.020% (0.016% to 0.024%) of survivors develop postinfectious GBS, which can cause temporary or permanent paralysis and incontinence [22–24] | GBS due to Zika infection, DW = 0.296 | 0.296 | |
| 7.0% (3.4% to 14.4%) of children born to mothers infected with ZIKV during pregnancy will develop CZS, with likely lifelong cognitive, motor, visual, and hearing impairment with severe epilepsy [27–31,57–61] | CZS: combined DW (severe motor plus cognitive impairment, DW = 0.542 and severe epilepsy, DW = 0.552) |
0.795 |
|
| High rates of psychological sequelae are associated with caring for surviving children with CZS: Among caretakers, 30% report moderate and 21% severe depression, and 20% report moderate and 31% severe anxiety; additionally, 17%, 34%, and 43% of mothers who experience EPL or stillbirth report depression, anxiety, and PTSD, respectively, often lasting several months [32,33,62,63] | Moderate or severe depression, DW = 0.396 or DW = 0.658 | 0.527 (0.396–0.658) | |
| Moderate or severe anxiety, DW = 0.133 or DW = 0.523 | 0.328 (0.133–0.523) | ||
| PTSD, DW = 0.435 | 0.435 |
CHIKV, chikungunya virus; CZS, congenital Zika syndrome; DW, disability weight; EPL, early pregnancy loss; GBD, Global Burden of Diseases; GBS, Guillain–Barré syndrome; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; YLD, years lived with disability; ZIKV, Zika virus.