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. 2019 Aug 22;25(2):114–125. doi: 10.1177/1744987119846177

Table 4.

Correlational analysis between hope, psychological distress (depression and anxiety), time since diagnosis, age, gender, marital status, income and QOL (N=260).

Independent variable r P value
Hope (HHI) 0.57 <.0001
Psychological distress (depression and anxiety) (HADS) −0.76 <.0001
Time since diagnosis 0.16 0.009
Age 0.33 0.600
Gender −0.14 0.030
Marital status −0.04 0.57
Income 0.05 0.48

HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HHI: Herth Hope Index; QOL: quality of life.