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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Feb 22.
Published in final edited form as: JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2021 Feb 22;14(4):401–413. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2020.10.054

Table 2:

Adverse events

Anesthesia Care
N=30885
Operator Directed Sedation
N=7042
p
Total 2248 (7%) 248 (4%) <0.001
 30 day in-hospital mortality 599 (1.9%) 41 (0.6%) <0.001
 Cardiac arrest 164 (0.5%) 21 (0.3%) 0.01
 New arrhythmia 544 (1.8%) 96 (1.4%) 0.02
 New heart valve regurgitation 6 (<0.1%) 1 (<0.1%) 0.77
 Tamponade 7 (<0.1%) 6 (0.1%) 0.01
 Air embolus 8 (<0.1%) 1 (<0.1%) 0.91
 Embolic stroke 19 (0.1%) 2 (<0.1%) 0.29
 Device malposition 49 (0.2%) 1 (<0.1%) 0.002
 Device embolization 116 (0.4%) 16 (0.2%) 0.06
 Airway event 154 (0.5%) 50 (0.7%) 0.03
 Initiation of dialysis 9 (<0.1%) 7 (0.1%) 0.009
 Initiation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 28 (0.1%) 9 (0.1%) 0.37
 Initiation of ventricular assist device 6 (<0.1%) 0 (0%) 0.24
 Bleeding event 294 (1.0%) 62 (0.9%) 0.58
 Unplanned cardiac/vascular/other surgery 7 (0.2%) 0 (0%) 0.24
 Vascular complication 171 (0.6%) 18 (0.3%) 0.01
 Repeat catheterization 59 (0.2%) 8 (0.1%) 0.16
 Other 894 (3%) 49 (0.7%) <0.001