TABLE 2.
Associations between change in biomarkers over first year of study with annualized change in joint ROM over years 5 to 9, annualized height Z‐score over years 2 to 9, annualized Tonnis angle, and RMI over years 7 to 9
| Estimated annual rate of change (95% CI) | P‐value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Joint ROM over years 5‐9 | IL‐1β (per 0.1 pg/mL) | −11.0 (−30.6, 8.5) | .246 |
| TNF‐α (per 10 pg/mL) | −43.7 (−129.8, 42.5) | .295 | |
| IL‐6 (per 1 pg/mL) | −22.0 (−28.7, −15.3) | <.001 | |
| OCN (per 10 pg/mL) | 4.1 (−12.7, 20.8) | .614 | |
| DPD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | 18.2 (−22.9, 59.2) | .358 | |
| PYD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | 0.4 (−4.5, 5.4) | .857 | |
| Height Z‐score over years 2‐9 | IL‐1β (per 0.1 pg/mL) | −0.005 (−0.10, 0.089) | .908 |
| TNF‐α (per 10 pg/mL) | −0.06 (−0.48, 0.35) | .746 | |
| IL‐6 (per 1 pg/mL) | −0.03 (−0.10, 0.04) | .365 | |
| OCN (per 10 pg/mL) | −0.04 (−0.12, 0.04) | .291 | |
| DPD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | −0.01 (−0.16, 0.14) | .849 | |
| PYD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | −0.024 (−0.043, −0.005) | .016 | |
| Tonnis angle over years 7‐9 | IL‐1β (per 0.1 pg/mL) | −0.91 (−5.10, 3.27) | .634 |
| TNF‐α (per 10 pg/mL) | −5.03 (−23.61, 13.55) | .550 | |
| IL‐6 (per 1 pg/mL) | 0.08 (−0.70, 0.86) | .826 | |
| OCN (per 10 pg/mL) | −0.92 (−5.54, 3.69) | .662 | |
| DPD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | −5.22 (−16.14, 5.71) | .303 | |
| PYD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | 0.28 (−0.79, 1.36) | .564 | |
| RMI over years 7‐9 | IL‐1β (per 0.1 pg/mL) | −0.01 (−9.33, 9.31) | .998 |
| TNF‐α (per 10 pg/mL) | 11.47 (−23.12, 46.06) | .467 | |
| IL‐6 (per 1 pg/mL) | −0.75 (−2.27, 0.76) | .286 | |
| OCN (per 10 pg/mL) | 1.22 (−8.03, 10.47) | .772 | |
| DPD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | −8.11 (−30.03, 13.81) | .418 | |
| PYD (per 20 nmol/mmol) | −1.99 (−3.84, −0.14) | .037 |
Note: All estimates adjusted for age in months and the first recorded value of Tonnis angle or RMI for these measures.
Abbreviations: DPD, urine deoxypyridinolines; IL‐1β, interleukin‐1β; IL‐6, plasma interleukin‐6; OCN, plasma osteocalcin; PYD, urine pyridinolines; RMI, Reimers migration index; ROM, range of motion summary score (sum of bilateral shoulder flexion, elbow, and knee extension); TNF‐α, tumor necrosis factor‐α.