Table 1.
Summary of in vivo studies to induce tolDCs using either antigen-antibody fusion compounds or carbohydrate-modified antigens.
| Receptor | Disease | Model | Antigen | Targeting strategy | Cellular response | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clec9A | Multiple mouse models | OVA | Anti-clec9A | Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (62) | |
| DCIR2 | MS | EAE mice | MOG | Anti-DCIR2 | MOG-specific Foxp3+ T cells | (63) |
| PLP | Anti-DCIR2 | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, pathogenic T cells↓ | (64) | |||
| T1D | NOD mice | BDC2.5 | Chimeric anti-DEC205 (33D1) | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, T cell apoptosis | (65) | |
| DEC205 (CD205) | MS | EAE mice | MOG | Anti-DEC205, single-chain fragment variables specific for DEC205 | CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (63, 66) |
| PLP | Chimeric anti-DEC205 | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, CD4+ Th17 cells↓ | (64, 67) | |||
| RA | PGIA mice | PG | Anti-DEC205 | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, PG-specific CD4+ cells↓ | (68) | |
| T1D | INS-HA/TCR-HA transgenic mice | HA | Anti-DEC205 | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, CD4+CTLA4+ T cells↑ | (69) | |
| NOD mice | BDC2.5, MimA2 | Chimeric anti-DEC205 | Antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells↓ | (65, 70) | ||
| IBD | VILLIN-HA transgenic mice | HA | Anti-DEC205 | HA-specific CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (71) | |
| EAU | Spontaneous EAU mice | HEL | Anti-DEC205-HEL | CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells↑, CD4+ cells↓ | (72) | |
| GVHD | C57BL/6 mice | hNC16A | Anti-DEC205-hNC16A | CD4+ and CD8+ graft infiltration↓ | (73) | |
| Langerin (CD207) | MS | EAE mice | MOG | Anti-Langerin | Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (63) |
| MR, DC-SIGN, MGL | MS | EAE mice | PLP | Mannosylation | T cell proliferation↓ | (74, 75) |
| Grass pollen allergy | Human cells, BALB/c mice | Polymerized P. pratense allergens | Mannosylation | CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (76, 77) | |
| Birch pollen allergy | Human cells, BALB/c mice | Bet v 1 | GalNAc-linking, mannosylation | T cell proliferation↑ | (78) | |
| Siglecs | MS | EAE mice, BALB/c mice | MOG, OVA | Chimeric anti-Siglec-H | CD4+ T cell anergy | (79) |
| C57BL/6 mice | OVA | Sialyation | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (80) | ||
| Grass pollen allergy | BALC/c mice | Phl-p5a | Sialylation | CD4+Foxp3+ T cells↑, CD4+ Th2 cells↓, eosinophilic airway inflammation↓ | (81) | |
| Treml4 | MS | EAE mice | MOG | Anti-Treml4 | MOG-specific Foxp3+ T cells↑ | (63) |
EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; EAU, experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis; GVHD, graft versus host disease; HA, hemagglutinin; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; MimA2, mimotype peptide; MOG, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein; MS, multiple sclerosis; NOD, non-obese diabetic; OVA, ovalbumin; PG, proteoglycan; PLP, proteolipid protein; RA, rheumatoid arthritis.