Table 4.
Prediagnostic sex hormone concentrations and risk of gastrointestinal cancers in women in the UK Biobank
| Esophageal adenocarcinoma | Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma | Gastric cancer | Colorectal cancer | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person-years | Cases | Adjusted HR (95% CI)† | Cases | Adjusted HR (95% CI)† | Cases | Adjusted HR (95% CI)† | Cases | Adjusted HR (95% CI)† | |
| SHBG (nmol/L) | |||||||||
| <39.94 | 233,639 | 11 | 1.00 | 6 | 1.00 | 20 | 1.00 | 239 | 1.00 |
| 39.94 to <56.34 | 230,792 | 9 | 0.89 (0.36, 2.19) | 13 | 1.88 (0.70, 5.04) | 21 | 1.04 (0.55, 1.96) | 210 | 0.91 (0.75, 1.10) |
| 56.34 to <77.13 | 218,795 | 8 | 1.91 (0.35, 2.39) | 9 | 1.28 (0.44, 3.74) | 8 | 0.36 (0.15, 0.88) | 219 | 1.01 (0.83, 1.23) |
| ≥77.13 | 178,196 | 8 | 1.21 (0.44, 3.31) | 14 | 2.03 (0.72, 5.75) | 16 | 0.97 (0.46, 2.01) | 171 | 0.97 (0.78, 1.21) |
| Missing | 7 | Ptrend=0.76 | 9 | Ptrend=0.33 | 12 | Ptrend=0.40 | 137 | Ptrend=0.94 | |
| Testosterone (nmol/L) | |||||||||
| <0.54 | 256,948 | 12 | 1.00 | 19 | 1.00 | 19 | 1.00 | 295 | 1.00 |
| 0.54 to <0.91 | 245,946 | 5 | 0.44 (0.15, 1.23) | 16 | 0.89 (0.45, 1.75) | 19 | 1.17 (0.61, 2.23) | 211 | 0.78 (0.65, 0.93) |
| 0.91 to <1.29 | 230,301 | 7 | 0.66 (0.26, 1.67) | 5 | 0.33 (0.12, 0.88) | 18 | 1.22 (0.63, 2.36) | 206 | 0.83 (0.69, 0.99) |
| ≥1.29 | 212,509 | 15 | 1.50 (0.70, 3.24) | 9 | 0.66 (0.30, 1.47) | 15 | 1.14 (0.57, 2.27) | 191 | 0.83 (0.69, 1.00) |
| Missing | 4 | Ptrend=0.23 | 2 | Ptrend=0.09 | 6 | Ptrend=0.67 | 73 | Ptrend=0.05 | |
| Free testosterone (nmol/L) | |||||||||
| <0.006 | 219,576 | 9 | 1.00 | 18 | 1.00 | 17 | 1.00 | 260 | 1.00 |
| 0.006 to <0.01 | 215,286 | 5 | 0.57 (0.19, 1.69) | 10 | 0.65 (0.29, 1.41) | 16 | 1.08 (0.54, 2.17) | 201 | 0.81 (0.68, 0.98) |
| 0.01 to <0.02 | 213,233 | 10 | 1.12 (0.45, 2.77) | 10 | 0.70 (0.32, 1.53) | 16 | 1.11 (0.55, 2.24) | 183 | 0.76 (0.63, 0.92) |
| ≥0.02 | 209,615 | 12 | 1.30 (0.53, 3.20) | 4 | 0.32 (0.11, 0.98) | 15 | 1.12 (0.54, 2.31) | 191 | 0.80 (0.66, 0.97) |
| Missing | 7 | Ptrend=0.35 | 9 | Ptrend=0.05 | 13 | Ptrend=0.75 | 141 | Ptrend=0.01 | |
| Estradiol (pmol/L) | |||||||||
| <175.0 | 853,825 | 34 | 1.00 | 45 | 1.00 | 67 | 1.00 | 838 | 1.00 |
| ≥175.0 | 33,918 | 1 | 0.94 (0.13, 6.94) | 0 | - | 0 | - | 20 | 0.85 (0.54, 1.33) |
| Missing | 8 | 6 | 10 | 118 | |||||
†
Adjusted for age at baseline, deprivation, smoking status, BMI, alcohol consumption (except esophageal adenocarcinoma), diabetes, aspirin use and statin use (colorectal cancer only).