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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Jan 13;123:337–351. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.10.029

Table 1.

Common associative learning paradigms using an appetitive outcome (sucrose Inline graphic). Identical or similar paradigms use an aversive outcome (e.g. footshock). Inline graphic and Inline graphic denote visual stimuli (e.g. steady and flashing light). Inline graphic denotes an auditory stimulus (e.g. tone). Inline graphic denotes omiss ion of an expected outcome.

Paradigm Group Phase 1 Phase 2 Test
Blocking Block graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0006.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0007.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0008.jpg
Control
Unblock graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0009.jpg
Extinction Extinction graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0010.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0011.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0012.jpg
Control
Over Expectation Over-Expectc graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0013.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0014.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0015.jpg
Control graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0016.jpg
Conditioned Inhibition Cond-Inh graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0017.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0018.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0019.jpg
Control graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0020.jpg
Second-Order Conditining Second-Order graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0021.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0022.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0023.jpg
Control graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0024.jpg
Sensory Pre-Conditioning Sensory-Pre graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0025.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0026.jpg graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0027.jpg
Control graphic file with name nihms-1668701-t0028.jpg