Fig. 5. CD4⁺ T_EM cell expansion correlates with immunity to cytomegalovirus.

a Seasonal presentation of CD4⁺ T_EM^≥21% patients between 2017 and 2020 (n = 103; F.E.). Dashed red line indicates a cut-off of CD4⁺ T_EM ≥ 21%. b CD4⁺ T_EM^≥21% status was associated with high serum levels of anti-CMV IgG antibodies (n = 100; F.E.; p = 1.2 ⨯ 10⁻⁵). Dashed red line indicates a cut-off of CD4⁺ T_EM ≥ 21%. c CD4⁺ T_EM^≥21% status was associated with CMV-reactivity in pp65 ELISPOT (n = 53; F.E.; p = 9.0 ⨯ 10⁻⁵). Dashed red line indicates a cut-off of CD4⁺ T_EM ≥ 21%. d Development of hepatitis was associated with CMV-seropositivity and CD4⁺ T_EM^≥21% status (n = 89). Median values are indicated by a red line. e ROC analysis showing CD4⁺ T_EM % is a superior discriminator of patients at risk of hepatitis when considering only CMV IgG⁺ cases as opposed to all cases. f Classification of patients with unresectable metastatic melanoma who did or did not develop αPD-1/αCTLA-4-related hepatitis according to CMV IgG status and baseline CD4⁺ T_EM cell frequency using a revised cut-off of CD4⁺ T_EM ≥ 16%. Red boxes indicate 34 of 40 (85%) cases correctly classified by our model (n = 40; F.E.; p = 1.4 ⨯ 10⁻⁵). Green box indicates 2 of 17 (11.7%) cases predicted to develop hepatitis who did not. Pink box indicates 4 of 23 (17.4%) cases predicted not to develop hepatitis who did. Blue box indicates 19 of 49 CMV IgG⁻ patients not considered by our model who developed hepatitis.