Table 2.
Patients with LC N-glycosylation evaluated for AL amyloidosis by diagnosis with biopsy site and indication.
| AL | MGUS | SMM | MM | WM | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number with LC N-glycosylation | 18 | 99 | 11 | 67 | 11 |
| Evaluated for AL amyloidosis | 18 (100) | 38 (38) | 7 (64) | 36 (53) | 6 (55) |
| Biopsy sitea | |||||
| Fat aspirate | 4 (22) | 28 (74) | 4 (57) | 16 (48) | 4 (67) |
| Bone marrow | 16 (88) | 17 (45) | 5 (71) | 27 (82) | 5 (67) |
| Endomyocardial | 1 (6) | 2 (5) | 1 (3) | ||
| Renal | 6 (33) | 2 (5) | 1 (14) | 1 (3) | 1 (17) |
| Nerve | 2 (5) | ||||
| Other | 4 (22) | 3 (8) | 2 (6) | ||
| Indication for biopsy | |||||
| Cardiac sxb | 4 (22) | 8 (21) | 1 (14) | 6 (17) | |
| Renal sxc | 6 (33) | 4 (11) | 2 (6) | 1 (17) | |
| Neuropathic sxd | 4 (22) | 15 (39) | 2 (29) | 5 (14) | 1 (17) |
| Other sxe | 4 (22) | 11 (39) | 4 (57) | 23 (64) | 4 (67) |
Data are given as [n (%)]; percentages are in reference to column/diagnosis. Patients with the following diagnoses and LC N-glycosylation were not evaluated for AL amyloidosis: cold agglutinin disease, cryoglobulinemia, lymphoproliferative disorder with monoclonal gammopathy, smoldering Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, plasmacytoma, and monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease.
AL AL amyloidosis, MGUS monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, SMM smoldering multiple myeloma, MM multiple myeloma, WM Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia, Sx symptoms or signs.
aBiopsy sites are not mutually exclusive, as multiple biopsy types could be obtained in the same patient.
bCardiac indications for biopsy include unexplained dyspnea, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and abnormal transthoracic echocardiogram.
cRenal indications for biopsy include unexplained proteinuria, acute kidney injury, or chronic kidney disease
dNeuropathy indications for biopsy include peripheral or autonomic neuropathy.
eOther indications include unknown, vision loss, rash, myalgia, macroglossia, arthralgia, hoarseness, diarrhea, dyspepsia, gastrointestinal bleeding, coagulopathy, fatigue.