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. 2021 Feb 19;12:570705. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.570705

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Copyright © 2021 Alexeenko, Howlett, Fraser, Abasolo, Han, Fluck, Fry and Jabr.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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ECG analysis techniques. (A) The two methods to convert a digitised ECG recording to a binary string. Threshold Crossing (TC) substitutes “1” for all values equal to or above a median threshold and sets all other values to “0.” Beat Detection (BD) sets all values of a binary string to zero except at time-points where the R-wave peak is detected; to R-waves are marked on the trace. (B) The binary strings were split into a set of unique substrings (LZ’76 complexity analysis); the final complexity score was normalized to the length of the recording. (C) Flowchart of ECG processing to obtain a final discriminating h-score.