Figure 1.

Trajectories of AD biomarkers (A–C) and cognitive test z-scores (D–F) by prediabetes status and sex in the overall sample. TMT Part B z-scores were multiplied by −1 so that higher scores indicated better performance. Z-scores are age- and education-adjusted based on a normative control group that remained cognitively normal throughout follow-up in ADNI. HV/IV, ratio of hippocampal volume to intracranial volume; PET, positron emission tomography; FDG, fludeoxyglucose; SUVR, standaradized uptake volume ratio; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; Aβ, amyloid beta; BNT, Bostin Naming Test; TMT, Trail Making Test; AVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test.