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. 2021 Feb 19;12:551975. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2021.551975

Table 3.

Estimates of linear mixed effects models predicting change in AD markers by sex and prediabetes status in the overall sample.

Sex Prediabetic Status Time Sex X prediabetes Prediabetes X time Sex X Time Sex X Prediabetes X time
b SE p b SE p b SE p b SE p b SE p b SE p b SE p
AD biomarker
    HV/IV −0.27 0.09 0.003 −0.14 0.09 0.13 −0.007 0.001 <0.001 0.11 0.18 0.53 0.001 0.001 0.51 0.001 0.001 0.33 0.001 0.002 0.71
    CMRglu −0.03 0.01 0.001 −0.04 0.01 0.001 −0.002 0.0002 <0.001 0.03 0.02 0.10 0.0004 0.0002 0.05 0.0004 0.0002 0.05 −0.3 × 10−4 0.0004 0.93
    p-tau/
Aβ ratio
−0.003 0.003 0.20 −0.002 0.003 0.36 0.0001 0.3 × 10−4 0.003 0.005 0.003 0.17 0.0001 0.6 × 10−4 0.07 0.5 × 10−4 0.5 × 10−4 0.31 −0.0001 0.0001 0.26
AD cognitive markers
    AVLT
z-score
−0.36 0.05 <0.001 0.02 0.05 0.72 −0.004 0.0007 <0.001 −0.12 0.11 0.27 0.0002 0.001 0.90 0.002 0.001 0.18 −0.003 0.003 0.24
    TMT Part B z-score −0.18 0.12 0.14 −0.23 0.14 0.10 −0.009 0.002 <0.001 0.47 0.18 0.01 −0.003 0.002 0.27 0.001 0.002 0.63 −0.002 0.005 0.70
    BNT z-
score
0.20 0.08 0.03 −0.19 0.09 0.03 −0.006 0.001 <0.001 0.29 0.18 0.10 0.002 0.003 0.55 0.002 0.003 0.41 −0.001 0.005 0.84

Bolded values indicate statistical significance. All analyses included the following covariates: age, education, race, APOE4 status, body mass index, pulse pressure and history of cardiovascular events. Covariates were removed from the final model if not a significant predictor of the outcome. SE, standard error; HV/IV, hippocampal/intracranial volume × 103; CMRglu, cerebral metabolic glucose rate; AVLT, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test; TMT, Trail Making Test; BNT, Boston Naming Test.