Figure 4.

The Western blot assessments of the activations of PI3K/Akt/mTOR/caspase-3 and PI3K/Akt/GSK3β/caspase-3 signaling pathways in anti-apoptotic effects of liraglutide. Cells were exposed to liraglutide (100 nM) and LY294002 (20 μM), respectively. The outcomes of Western blotting on the expressions of Akt (A,B), mTOR (A,C), and GSK3β (A,D). In further assessments, cells were incubated with 100 nM liraglutide and rapamycin or SB216763, respectively. Results of Western blot assessments on expressions of mTOR (E,F), GSK3β (H,I), and caspase-3 (G,J). CON, control; HG, high glucose; LIR, liraglutide; LY, LY294002. Data are expressed as Mean ± SD (n = 3). *P < 0.05.