REAGENT or RESOURCE	SOURCE	IDENTIFIER
Bacterial and virus strains
Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3) pLysS	Novagen	Cat# 70956
Chemicals, peptides, and recombinant proteins
LB medium	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 20068-75
TB medium	Becton Dickinson	Cat# 243820
Kanamycin	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 117-00341 CAS# 133-92-6
Chloramphenicol	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 032-19451 CAS# 56-75-7
Isopropyl β-d-galactopyranoside	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 099-05013 CAS: 367-93-1
Tris	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 35434-21 CAS# 77-86-1
NaCl	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 31320-34 CAS# 7647-14-5
Tris 2-carboxyethylphosphine (TCEP)-HCl	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 07277-16 CAS# 51805-45-9
Glycerol	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 17018-83 CAS# 56-81-5
cOmplete EDTA-free protease inhibitor	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# 05056489001
Polyethyleneimine (MW 70,000)	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 167-11951 CAS# 9002-98-6
Ammonium sulfate	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 02619-15 CAS# 7783-20-2
Imidazole	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 095-00015 CAS# 288-32-4
Thrombin	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 33842-44 CAS# 9002-04-4
Guanidine hydrochloride	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 077-02435 CAS# 50-01-1
Ethanol	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 057-04456 CAS# 64-17-5
Bis-Tris	Hampton Research	Cat# HR2-783 CAS# 6976-37-0
HEPES	Hampton Research	Cat# HR2-729 CAS# 7365-45-9
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350	Hampton Research	Cat# HR2-144 CAS# 25322-68-3
SRC1 peptide (LTERHKILHRLLQEG)	GenScript	N/A
DMSO	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 13445-45 CAS# 67-68-5
GW7647	Cayman Chemical	Cat# 10008613 CAS# 265129-71-3
Bezafibrate	Cayman Chemical	Cat# 10009145 CAS# 41859-67-0
Tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA)	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 209-18141 CAS# 2921-20-2
Wy14643	Cayman Chemical	Cat# 70730 CAS# 50892-23-4
GW9662	Cayman Chemical	Cat#70785 CAS# 22978-25-2
Ciprofibrate	Fujifilm-Wako	Cat# 033-21191 CAS# 52214-84-3
Fenofibric acid	Combi-Blocks	Cat# OR-1173 CAS# 42017-89-0
5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA)	Cayman Chemical	Cat# 90120 CAS# 1191-85-1
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)	Cayman Chemical	Cat# 90110 CAS# 10417-94-4
Clofibric acid	LKT Labs	Cat# C4556 CAS# 882-09-7
Gemfibrozil	Combi-Blocks	Cat# OR-0524 CAS# 25812-30-0
Arachidonic acid	Cayman Chemical	Cat#10006607 CAS# 6610-25-9
Pemafibrate	ChemScene	Cat# CS-6084 CAS# 848259-27-8
Saroglitazar	ChemScene	Cat# CS-6149 CAS# 495399-09-2
Palmitic acid	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# P0500-10G CAS# 57-10-3
Stearic acid	Sigma-Aldrich	Cat# S4751-1G CAS# 57-11-4
Oleic acid	Nacalai Tesque	Cat# 25630-51 CAS# 112-80-1
Deposited data
34 novel human PPARα-LBD co-crystal structures reported in Kamata et al. (2020)	Protein Data Bank (PDB)	Codes: 6KAX, 6KAY, 6KAZ, 6KB0, 6KB1, 6KB2, 6KB3, 6KB4, 6KB5, 6KB6, 6KB7, 6KB8, 6KB9, 6KBA, 6KYP, 6L36, 6L37, 6L38, 6LX4, 6LX5, 6LX6, 6LX7, 6LX8, 6LX9, 6LXA, 6LXB, 6LXC, 7BPY, 7BPZ, 7BQ0, 7BQ1, 7BQ2, 7BQ3, 7BQ4
Recombinant DNA
pET28a encoding human PPARα residues 200–468	(Oyama et al., 2009)	N/A
Other
Bioshaker BR-43FL	TAITEC	Cat# 0053027-000
Ultrasonic disrupter UD-201 with Micro Tip TP-040	Tomy	Cat# UD-201
AKTAprime plus	Cytiva (GE Healthcare)	N/A
HisTALON superflow cartridges (1 mL)	Clontech	Cat# 635650
HiTrap Q HP (1 mL)	Cytiva (GE Healthcare)	Cat# 17115301
HiLoad 16/600 Superdex 75 pg	Cytiva (GE Healthcare)	Cat# 28989333
Slide-A-Lyzer G2 dialysis cassette	Thermo Fisher	Cat# 87735
AMICON ULTRA-4, 4-mL; 3 kDa cutoff	Merck Millipore	Cat# UFC800324
AMICON ULTRA-15, 15-mL; 3 kDa cutoff	Merck Millipore	Cat# UFC900324
EasyXtal 15-Well Tool X-Seal (20)	QIAGEN	Cat# 132008
Dual-thickness MicroMounts (75 μm)	MiTeGen	Cat# M2-L18SP-75
18 mm mounted CryoLoop - 20 μm	Hampton Research	Cat# HR4-972
Bio-Rad protein assay	Bio-Rad	Cat# 5000006JA
Human hair (on the crown of the head)	Young adult males	N/A