TABLE 7.

Relationship between GMV and cognitive function as well as gait speed.

	MMSE		MoCA		Gait speed
GMV (per 1,000 ml)	β (SD)	P	β (SD)	P	β (SD)	P
Whole population (N = 515)
Model 1	0.33 (0.11)	0.003	0.58 (0.12)	< 0.001	0.75 (0.16)	< 0.001
Model 2	0.35 (0.14)	0.016	0.49 (0.16)	0.002	0.38 (0.20)	0.057
Model 3	0.32 (0.15)	0.027	0.44 (0.16)	0.005	0.35 (0.20)	0.080
Model 4	0.28 (0.17)	0.098	0.34 (0.19)	0.070	0.39 (0.23)	0.095
Severe WMH group (N = 324)
Model 1	0.47 (0.17)	0.005	0.76 (0.17)	< 0.001	0.83 (0.19)	< 0.001
Model 2	0.50 (0.21)	0.020	0.66 (0.22)	0.003	0.40 (0.23)	0.085
Model 4	0.44 (0.27)	0.100	0.48 (0.28)	0.085	0.42 (0.29)	0.142
Mild WMH group (N = 191)
Model 1	−0.09 (0.07)	0.196	0.07 (0.13)	0.581	0.22 (0.32)	0.490
Model 2	−0.03 (0.09)	0.703	0.05 (0.17)	0.778	0.64 (0.41)	0.117
Model 4	−0.03 (0.09)	0.723	0.05 (0.17)	0.759	0.46 (0.40)	0.260

Words in bold indicate the significant correlation. GMV, gray matter volume; CMB, cerebral microbleeds; EPVS, enlarged perivascular space. Linear regression between the GMV and log-transformed MMSE, log-transformed MoCA and gait speed. Model 1 did not adjust any covariates. Model 2 adjusted age, sex, and TIV. Model 3 further adjusted the severity of WMH, CMBs, and EPVS. Model 4 included age, sex, TIV, WMH volume, WMH cluster numbers, CMBs, and EPVS as covariates. We additionally examined the association between GMV and log-transformed MMSE, log-transformed MoCA and gait speed both in the mild WMH group and the severe WMH group.