Table 1.
Baseline and Procedural Characteristics (n=732)
| Total (n=732) |
Home group (n=678) |
Non-home group (n=54) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic data | ||||
| Age (years) | 84.4±5.1 | 84.3±5.1 | 85.7±5.3 | 0.056 |
| Female sex | 512 (69.9) | 473 (69.8) | 39 (72.2) | 0.71 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4±3.8 | 22.5±3.8 | 21.7±4.2 | 0.17 |
| NYHA class III or IV | 374 (51.1) | 333 (49.1) | 41 (75.9) | <0.001 |
| 5-m walking time (s) | 7.4±3.8 | 7.4±3.7 | 8.0±4.7 | 0.26 |
| Hand-grip strength (kg) | 17.4±6.5 | 17.5±6.5 | 16.2±5.5 | 0.15 |
| HDS-R (points) | 24.4±4.6 | 24.5±4.4 | 23.3±5.9 | 0.047 |
| EuroSCORE II (%) | 6.4±6.9 | 5.9±6.1 | 12.5±12.3 | <0.001 |
| STS score (%) | 6.7±4.6 | 6.3±4.1 | 10.9±7.9 | <0.001 |
| Past medical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 548 (74.9) | 515 (76.0) | 33 (61.1) | 0.015 |
| Diabetes | 153 (20.9) | 141 (20.8) | 12 (22.2) | 0.80 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 108 (14.8) | 91 (13.4) | 17 (29.8) | 0.001 |
| Previous stroke | 79 (10.8) | 65 (9.6) | 14 (25.9) | 0.001 |
| AF/AFL | 170 (23.2) | 151 (22.2) | 19 (35.2) | 0.031 |
| COPD | 26 (3.6) | 23 (3.4) | 3 (5.6) | 0.30 |
| OMI | 42 (5.7) | 40 (5.9) | 2 (3.7) | 0.50 |
| Previous CABG | 47 (6.4) | 43 (6.3) | 4 (7.4) | 0.76 |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| Log NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | 3.1±0.6 | 3.1±0.6 | 3.5±0.6 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 52.1±16.9 | 52.1±16.5 | 52.8±20.9 | 0.76 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 11.7±1.5 | 11.7±1.5 | 11.3±1.7 | 0.092 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.8±0.4 | 3.8±0.4 | 3.4±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Echocardiographic data (before TAVI) | ||||
| LVEF (%) | 59.4±9.3 | 59.8±9.2 | 54.4±10.1 | <0.001 |
| Aortic valve area (cm2) | 0.67±0.16 | 0.67±0.16 | 0.58±0.15 | <0.001 |
| AV mean pressure gradient (mmHg) |
53.9±18.9 | 53.9±18.6 | 53.9±22.3 | 0.99 |
| MR of moderate or greater severity |
26 (3.6) | 21 (3.1) | 5 (9.3) | 0.019 |
| Procedural characteristics | ||||
| THV | ||||
| First-generation | 182 (24.9) | 168 (24.8) | 14 (25.9) | 0.85 |
| Second-generation | 550 (75.1) | 510 (75.2) | 40 (74.1) | |
| General anesthesia | 249 (34.0) | 222 (32.7) | 27 (50.0) | 0.010 |
| Transfemoral approach | 670 (91.5) | 624 (92.0) | 46 (85.2) | 0.082 |
| Device success | 709 (96.9) | 659 (97.2) | 50 (92.3) | 0.062 |
| Procedural complications | ||||
| Combined endpoint | 60 (8.2) | 45 (6.6) | 15 (27.8) | <0.001 |
| Procedural stroke | 25 (3.4) | 12 (1.8) | 13 (24.1) | <0.001 |
| Life-threatening bleeding | 14 (1.9) | 12 (1.8) | 2 (3.7) | 0.30 |
| Acute kidney injury stage 2 or 3 | 8 (1.1) | 7 (1.0) | 1 (1.9) | 0.55 |
| Major vascular complication | 19 (2.6) | 17 (2.5) | 2 (3.7) | 0.56 |
| Pacemaker implantation | 65 (8.9) | 63 (9.3) | 2 (3.7) | 0.16 |
| Postprocedural AR of moderate or greater severity |
20 (2.7) | 15 (2.2) | 5 (9.3) | 0.002 |
| Thirty-day readmission | 6 (0.8) | 6 (0.9) | 0 (0.0) | 0.49 |
Unless indicated otherwise, data are given as n (%) or the mean±SD. AF, atrial fibrillation; AFL, atrial flutter; AR, aortic regurgitation; AV, aortic valve; BMI, body mass index; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; EuroSCORE, European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation; HDS-R, revised Hasegawa’s dementia scale; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; OMI, old myocardial infarction; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation; THV, transcatheter heart valve.