Table 5.

Clinical signs of keratoconus

Clinical sign of KC	Clinical Details
External signs	Munson’s sign
	Rizzotti’s sign
Slit lamp findings	Stromal thinning
	Posterior stress lines (Vogt’s)
	Iron ring (Fleischer’s ring)
	Epithelial/Sub epithelial scarring
Retroillumination signs	Scissoring reflex
	Oil droplet sign (Charleaux sign)
Photokeratoscopy signs	Compression of mires inferotemporally (Egg shaped)
	Compression of mires inferiorly and centrally
Videokeratoscopy signs	Localised increase in surface corneal power
	Inferior-superior asymmetry
	Skewing of steepest radial axes above and below horizontal meridian