Table 4. Baseline Characteristics Associated With One-Month Addiction Treatment Retention Among People Experiencing Homelessness Who Engaged in an OBAT Program^a.

Patient characteristic	Adjusted odds ratio (95% CI)	P value
Sociodemographic characteristics
Age (per 10-y increment)	1.00 (0.99-1.01)	.48
Sex
Female	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
Male	1.21 (0.95-1.54)	.12
Race/ethnicity
White	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
Non-Hispanic Black	0.83 (0.59-1.17)	.29
Hispanic	1.56 (1.22-2.01)	<.001
Other/unknown	0.80 (0.52-1.22)	.30
Housing status
Otherb	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
Shelter/street	0.79 (0.64-0.98)	.04
Clinical characteristics
Charlson comorbidity index
0-1	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
≥2	0.91 (0.67-1.22)	.52
Alcohol use disorder	0.93 (0.70-1.23)	.61
Other drug use disorder	1.97 (1.47-2.66)	<.001
Serious mental illnessc	0.71 (0.51-0.98)	.04
Medication prescriptions
Benzodiazepine	1.41 (0.73-2.72)	.30
Opioidd	0.56 (0.31-0.98)	.05
Antidepressant	1.22 (0.90-1.67)	.21
Antipsychotic	0.94 (0.61-1.44)	.78
Other sedating medicationse	1.45 (0.85-2.48)	.17
Naloxone	1.11 (0.67-1.83)	.67
Addiction treatment–related characteristics
Year of first OBAT encounter
2008-2013	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
2014-2018	0.67 (0.53-0.86)	<.001
Site of first OBAT encounter
Clinic	1 [Reference]	[Reference]
Shelter/outreach	1.30 (0.99-1.72)	.06

Abbreviation: OBAT, office-based addiction treatment.

^aA total of 666 individuals were retained in the OBAT program at 1 month.

^bIncludes assisted living facility, doubled up, housing with and without supportive services, motel, respite home, residential treatment center, skilled nursing facility, transitional housing, other housing status, and unknown housing status.

^cIncludes a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and/or schizophrenia.

^dExcludes buprenorphine.

^eIncludes nonbenzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics and trazodone.