Table 2. Results of Additional Cardiac Testing and Participation Status of Athletes With Abnormalities on Baseline Cardiac Screening Examinations^a.

Athlete No.	Symptomatic infection	COVID-19 test	Abnormal results			Echo abnormality	Additional testing		Participation statuse
			Troponin levelb	ECGc	Echod		Cardiac MRI	Stress echo
1	Yes	PCR	Yes	No	No	NA	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
2	Yes	PCR	Yes	No	No	NA	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
3	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Small pericardial effusion	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis/pericarditis	NA	Return to play
4	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Small pericardial effusion	CMR pericardial enhancement diagnostic of pericarditis; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Held out
5	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	LVEF, 53%	NA	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
6	No	IgG	No	No	Yes	LVEF, 53%	NA	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
7	No	IgG	Yes	No	No	NA	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
8	No	IgG	No	No	Yes	Mildly reduced LVEF, 45%-50%	CMR-calculated LVEF, 53%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
9	Yes	IgG	No	No	Yes	Mildly reduced LVEF, 45%	CMR-calculated LVEF, 56%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
10	No	IgG	Yes	No	No	NA	NA	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
11	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Mildly reduced LVEF, 48%	CMR-calculated LVEF, 53%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
12	Yes	PCR	Yes	No	Yes	Mildly reduced LVEF, 50%	CMR-calculated LVEF, 44%; patchy LGE present; CMR findings consistent with myocarditis	NA	Held out
13	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	No	NA	CMR-calculated LVEF, 78%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
14	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Mildly reduced LVEF, 45%	CMR-calculated LVEF, 52%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
15	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Small pericardial effusion	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis or pericarditis	NA	Return to play
16	No	IgG	No	Yes	No	NA	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
17	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	Yes	Impaired LV relaxation	Normal LVEF; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
18	No	IgG	No	No	Yes	Mild global LV hypokinesis	CMR-calculated LVEF, 46%; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis or pericarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
19	Yes	PCR	Yes	No	No	NA	CMR pericardial enhancement diagnostic of pericarditis; no LGE; no CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Held out
20	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Mild global LV hypokinesis	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
21	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	No	NA	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
22	No	IgG	No	No	Yes	Dilated right ventricle	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
23	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	No	NA	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play
24	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Frequent PVCs	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
25	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Decreased GLS	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
26	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	No	NA	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
27	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	Yes	Decreased GLS	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	Normal LV augmentation with exercise; no exercise-induced arrhythmias	Return to play
28	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	Yes	New regional wall motion abnormality in comparison with prior echocardiographic studies; preserved LVEF	Normal LVEF; LGE present in corresponding territory as echocardiogram; CMR findings consistent with myocarditis	NA	Held out
29	Yes	PCR	No	No	Yes	Dilated right ventricle	Normal LVEF and RV systolic function; focal T2 hyperintensity in the mid-ventricular inferior wall; CMR findings consistent with myocarditis	NA	Held out
30	Yes	PCR	No	Yes	No	NA	No CMR evidence of myocarditis	NA	Return to play

Abbreviations: CMR, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; ECG, electrocardiogram; echo, echocardiogram; GLS, global longitudinal strain; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; LV, left ventricle; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NA, not applicable; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; PVC, premature ventricular contractions.

^aThere were 4 women and 26 men ranging in age from 19 to 35 years. Age and sex are not specified for each athlete in this table to maintain confidentiality.

^bAbnormal troponin levels were defined as those greater than the 99th percentile upper limit of normal.

^cAn abnormal ECG was defined as a new ECG abnormality meeting international recommendations⁹ and demonstrating findings raising concern for potential acute cardiac injury.

^dAn abnormal echocardiogram was defined as new ventricular dysfunction or another echocardiographic finding raising concern for potential acute cardiac injury.

^eFollowing American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology myocarditis or pericarditis guidelines.¹⁰