TABLE 3.
Characteristics and Potential COVID-19 Exposures for CASES Project Participants by Reactivity Versus Non-Reactivity to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies (N=264)
| COVID-19 Antibody Status | |||
| Non-Reactives (n = 253) | Reactive (n = 11) | P-Value | |
| Participant characteristics | |||
| Age—median[interquartile range] | 39 [32,48] | 32 [29,45] | 0.0963 |
| Sex—male versus female | 116 (45.8) | 5 (45.5) | 0.9795 |
| Race/Ethnicity | 0.4894 | ||
| Black/African American, Non-Hispanic/Non-LatinX | 13 (5.1) | 1 (9.1) | |
| Hispanic/LatinX | 27 (10.7) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Other, Non-Hispanic/Non-LatinX | 10 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| White, Non-Hispanic/Non-LatinX | 203 (80.2) | 8 (72.7) | |
| High Risk Groups | |||
| Age 65+ | 4 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0000 |
| Chronic medical condition (including high blood pressure and/or diabetes) | 36 (14.2) | 3 (27.3) | 0.2112 |
| Compromised immune system | 14 (5.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0000 |
| Heart disease | 4 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0000 |
| Lung disease | 20 (7.9) | 4 (36.4) | 0.0114∗ |
| Cancer | 5 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1.0000 |
| Overweight | 56 (22.1) | 4 (36.4) | 0.2777 |
| Obese | 8 (3.2) | 2 (18.2) | 0.0592 |
| None of the above | 151 (59.7) | 3 (27.3) | 0.0563 |
| Number of high-risk groups, among individuals reporting at least one group (n = 110)—two or more versus one | 48 (52.9) | 6 (75.0) | 0.1579 |
| COVID-19 exposures | |||
| As part of daily responsibilities, respondents interact with public—often/always versus sometimes/rarely/never | 159 (62.8) | 7 (63.6) | 1.0000 |
| Times respondents interact with the public for job in an average week—3+ d/wk versus <3 d/wk | 169 (66.8) | 7 (63.6) | 1.0000 |
| In the past 2 months, close contact with someone with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis. Yes versus Noa | 75 (30.1) | 4 (36.4) | 0.7397 |
| In the past 2 months, close contact with someone ill with possibly COVID-19 but not tested. Yes versus Noa | 87 (35.4) | 3 (27.3) | 0.7518 |
| If in direct contact with another person possibly exposed to the coronavirus, how often do you use personal protective equipment?a | 0.6736 | ||
| Always | 151 (59.9) | 6 (54.5) | |
| Often/Sometimes/Rarely/Never | 37 (14.7) | 1 (9.1) | |
| No contact | 64 (25.4) | 4 (36.4) | |
| COVID-19 test results | 0.0016∗ | ||
| Not tested/Unknown test result | 232 (91.7) | 7 (63.6) | |
| Tested, negative | 20 (7.9) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Tested, positive | 1 (0.4) | 2 (18.2) | |
| Regardless of test results, the belief that respondent has had COVID-19—definitely/very probably/probably versus possibly/probably not/definitely not | 39 (15.4) | 7 (63.6) | 0.0006∗ |
All values are given as n (%) unless otherwise specified.
All variables have complete data except (variable [missing no. non-reactive, missing no. reactive]): contact with someone with lab-confirmed COVID-19 [4,0], contact with someone with lab-confirmed COVID-19 [7,0], Use of personal protective equipment [1,0].
Chi-square, Fishers Exact, and Mann–Whitney U tests used for comparisons.
a
Unknown responses excluded.
∗
P-values <0.05 are considered statistically significant.