Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population according to metabolic syndrome
| Characteristics | Total | MetS | Non-MetS | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects (n, %) | 5854 | 2154 (36.80) | 3700 (63.20) | |
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 43.98 ± 13.58 | 48.95 ± 13.61 | 41.07 ± 12.69 | < 0.001* |
| Male (n, %) | 2944 | 1222 (56.73) | 1722 (46.55) | < 0.001* |
| Education level (n, %) | < 0.001* | |||
| Illiteracy/primary school | 357 | 205 (9.52) | 152 (4.11) | |
| Middle school | 2013 | 951 (44.15) | 1062 (28.70) | |
| College or above | 3484 | 998 (46.33) | 2486 (67.19) | |
| Marriage (n, %) | < 0.001* | |||
| Single | 409 | 103 (4.78) | 306 (8.27) | |
| Married | 5445 | 2051 (95.22) | 3394 (91.73) | |
| Current smoking (n, %) | 1542 | 712 (33.05) | 830 (22.43) | < 0.001* |
| Current alcohol (n, %) | 1852 | 784 (36.40) | 1068 (28.86) | < 0.001* |
| BMI (kg/m2), median (interquartile range) | 24.3 (21.9, 26.8) | 27.00 (25.1,29.1) | 22.8 (20.9,24.7) | < 0.001* |
| WC (cm), median (interquartile range) | 86 (78,93) | 94 (90,100) | 81 (75,87) | < 0.001* |
| TGs (mmol/L), median (interquartile range) | 1.48 (1.04,2.24) | 2.19 (1.61,3.06) | 1.21 (0.92,1.62) | < 0.001* |
| HDL-C (mmol/L), median (interquartile range) | 1.22 (1.06,1.40) | 1.12 (0.98,1.28) | 1.27 (1.12,1.46) | < 0.001* |
| SBP (mmHg), median (interquartile range) | 125 (113,136) | 136 (127,148) | 118 (110,128) | < 0.001* |
| DBP (mmHg), median (interquartile range) | 79 (71,88) | 87 (79,95) | 75 (68,82) | < 0.001* |
| FPG (mmol/L), median (interquartile range) | 5.72 (5.42,6.09) | 6 (5.72,6.57) | 5.56 (5.32,5.86) | < 0.001* |
| Elevated TGs (n, %) | 2354 | 1556 (72.24) | 798 (21.57) | < 0.001* |
| Low HDL-C (n, %) | 879 | 565 (26.23) | 314 (8.49) | < 0.001* |
| Elevated BP (n, %) | 2648 | 1686 (78.27) | 962 (26.00) | < 0.001* |
| Elevated FPG (n, %) | 3572 | 1848 (85.79) | 306 (46.59) | < 0.001* |
| MMSE, mean ± SD | 28.71 ± 1.81 | 28.35 ± 2.10 | 28.93 ± 1.57 | < 0.001* |
| MMSE< 27(n, %) | 544 | 306 (14.21) | 238 (6.43) | < 0.001* |
sMets Metabolic syndrome, Non-Mets Non-metabolic syndrome, BMI Body mass index, WC Waist circumference, TGs Triglycerides, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, MMSE Mini-mental state of examination, *: P ≤ 0.05: significant difference from Mets and Non-Mets