Figure 6.

SMARRT Primes Polyfunctional T Cell Responses in Non-human Primates

SMARRT replicons expressing HA from the H1N1 or H5N1 strains of influenza virus were used to immunize rhesus macaques on day 0 and 56 at the indicated doses. Saline immunization was used as a control. The animals were bled on day 77 and PBMCs were re-stimulated with peptide pools encoding either H1 or H5 HA sequences. (A) and (B) show activated (OX40⁺ CD25⁺) CD8 and CD4 T cells found in the PBMCs as measured by flow cytometry (solid circles, LNP formulated 100 μg; open circles, unformulated 100 μg; squares, formulated 10 μg; triangles, formulated 1 μg). (C) and (D) show cytokine production of CD8 and CD4 T cells measured by flow cytometry. Each bar/symbol corresponds to one animal. Statistical testing was carried out with one-tailed Mann-Whitney U test, ∗p < 0.05.